CAJ | 학술논문

厌氧氨氧化（anaerobic ammonium oxidation，Anammox）工艺因其高效低耗的优势，在废水生物脱氮领域具有广阔的应用前景。该工艺在实际废水处理中的应用已成为国内外的热点。本文结合厌氧氨氧化菌的生境和菌种多样性，以及厌氧氨氧化工艺形式的多样性，并对一体式和分体式工艺运行条件进行了比较，重点综述了厌氧氨氧化技术在处理各类废水中的实验室研究和工程应用情况，主要包括：污泥消化液和压滤液、垃圾渗滤液、养殖废水、味精废水、焦化废水、生活污水、粪便污水、含盐废水等废水的水质特点、研究进展和应用障碍。最后，总结厌氧氨氧化工艺在处理实际废水过程中的潜在问题，并提出今后的研究重点是深入研究厌氧氨氧化的水质障碍因子及其调控策略，并在此基础上大力开发和优化组合工艺。
염양안양화（anaerobic ammonium oxidation，Anammox）공예인기고효저모적우세，재폐수생물탈담영역구유엄활적응용전경。해공예재실제폐수처리중적응용이성위국내외적열점。본문결합염양안양화균적생경화균충다양성，이급염양안양화공예형식적다양성，병대일체식화분체식공예운행조건진행료비교，중점종술료염양안양화기술재처리각류폐수중적실험실연구화공정응용정황，주요포괄：오니소화액화압려액、랄급삼려액、양식폐수、미정폐수、초화폐수、생활오수、분편오수、함염폐수등폐수적수질특점、연구진전화응용장애。최후，총결염양안양화공예재처리실제폐수과정중적잠재문제，병제출금후적연구중점시심입연구염양안양화적수질장애인자급기조공책략，병재차기출상대력개발화우화조합공예。
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)has advantages of high efficiency and low consumption. This method has become a promising biological nitrogen elimination process. This paper compared the operation conditions of one- and two-stage Anammox processes,analyzed the habitat and species diversity of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria and process versatility of Anammox,and summarized the laboratory research and engineering applications of Anammox in the treatment of various types of ammonium-rich wastewater. The characteristics,research progress and application barriers of sludge digestate,reject water,landfill leachate,livestock wastewater, municipal sewage, saline wastewateretcwere introduced. Moreover,the potential problems of Anammox process in practical applications were discussed and further research focuses were suggested.