CAJ | 학술논문

为了解决生鲜农产品供应链信息传递不连续、不完整、不真实等问题，防止农产品给人民生活健康带来威胁，该研究开发了基于近场通信技术的数据采集终端。该文分析了生鲜农产品供应链数据采集设备及工作环境的特点，开发一种基于近场通信技术（near field communication）、北斗系统（bei dou system）及全球移动通信系统（global system for mobile communications）集成技术的生鲜农产品供应链数据采集终端。该终端包含4个模块：NFC模块、系统CPU模块、北斗模块和GSM模块及电路系统。终端在写入数据时，同时将北斗加密数据通过NFC芯片PN532写入NFC标签，并通过GSM模块以短信的方式传递给后台数据库，利用RS232将数据信息传入节点企业平台，实现生鲜农产品数据信息的三重备份。该采集终端借助物联网及无线传感网的技术优势，实现生鲜农产品供应链各环节数据的自动智能采集并进行加密，满足企业在生产过程中不断变化环境下的数据采集及存储需求，该终端在极端环境下读取速度虽然降低了10%～25%，但存储率依然为100%，满足生鲜农产品供应链数据采集的需要，能够实现节点企业间信息连续度，为实现生鲜农产品可追溯提供参考。
위료해결생선농산품공응련신식전체불련속、불완정、불진실등문제，방지농산품급인민생활건강대래위협，해연구개발료기우근장통신기술적수거채집종단。해문분석료생선농산품공응련수거채집설비급공작배경적특점，개발일충기우근장통신기술（near field communication）、북두계통（bei dou system）급전구이동통신계통（global system for mobile communications）집성기술적생선농산품공응련수거채집종단。해종단포함4개모괴：NFC모괴、계통CPU모괴、북두모괴화GSM모괴급전로계통。종단재사입수거시，동시장북두가밀수거통과NFC심편PN532사입NFC표첨，병통과GSM모괴이단신적방식전체급후태수거고，이용RS232장수거신식전입절점기업평태，실현생선농산품수거신식적삼중비빈。해채집종단차조물련망급무선전감망적기술우세，실현생선농산품공응련각배절수거적자동지능채집병진행가밀，만족기업재생산과정중불단변화배경하적수거채집급존저수구，해종단재겁단배경하독취속도수연강저료10%～25%，단존저솔의연위100%，만족생선농산품공응련수거채집적수요，능구실현절점기업간신식련속도，위실현생선농산품가추소제공삼고。
In order to solve the issue that the information transfer of fresh produce supply chain is not continuous, incomplete and untrue, and to prevent agricultural health threat to people's lives, this study has developed a data collection terminal based on near-field communication technology. At present, China fresh produce market for primary agricultural products, food processing and consumer demand increases year by year, but the infrastructure and information technology applications of fresh produce supply chain are behind, resulting in high loss of fresh produce throughout the supply chain in the circulation process, as well as low efficiency and poor reliability of the information, and therefore it is difficult to meet the needs of the modern market of fresh produce. In recent years, the consumption of fresh agriculture products has been continuing to rise with the development of society and the growth in people’ s living standard. However, an increasing number of safety problems like poisoning and polluting have been triggered because of the quality problem of fresh agriculture products, which directly influences consumers' health and environmental security. Eventually, it has aroused widespread concern in the whole society. The discontinuity of fresh agriculture product supply chain information is one of the important reasons for the emergence of faulty products. The backwardness of data acquisition equipment and means in each link of fresh agriculture product supply chain, and the data in key link being not able to be collected due to environmental factors, are the main reasons for discontinuous information of fresh agriculture product supply chain. The paper first analyzes data collecting equipments of fresh agriculture product supply chain and its corresponding working conditions. Then, based on near field communication (NFC), bei dou system (BDS) and global system for mobile communications (GSM), it develops the integration technology data collection terminal of fresh agriculture product supply chain. The integration applications of NFC technology and Internet of things have become a focus research issue at home and abroad. In this paper, authors review the research progress of supply chain information systems of domestic agricultural products; summarize the key function of information technology in the agricultural supply chain and information system platform;and analyze the application feasibility of NFC technology in the agricultural supply chain information systems. The data collection terminal mainly includes four modules, namely NFC module, CPU (central processing unit) module, Bei Dou module, GSM module as well as its electrical system. When the data terminal writes data, it simultaneously writes BDS encrypted data to NFC label through NFC chip PN532, and then through GSM module, it transmits the encrypted data to the backend database in text message;finally, it transmits the data information to node enterprises platform by RS232, thus achieving three copies of the backup on fresh agriculture product data information. By means of the advantages of Internet of things and sensor networks, the data terminal implements automatic and intelligent data acquisition and encryption in every link of fresh agriculture product supply chain. And on this basis, it meets the changing needs of data acquisition and storage during the production process, reduces the degree of information asymmetry among node enterprises and enhances the productivity of node enterprises. In short, the data terminal lays the foundation for the fresh agriculture product traceability and has practical value. Compared with other acquisition systems, the biggest difference the terminal system has is that the system not only has the function to read the data, but also has a tag write capability, and can read the offline data stored inside the NFC memory chip carried by the system itself. The terminal reads in extreme environments. Although the speed is reduced by from 10%to 25%, the saving rate is still at 100%, fully meeting the needs of data acquisition. The terminal can achieve the information continuousness between the nodes of the enterprise, and provide the reference for the realization of fresh produce traceability.