CAJ | 학술논문

小麦生育期间的冠层温度，尤其是开花以后的冠层温度对植株衰老、粒重和品质等有很大影响。2012—2013和2013—2014年度，在河南新乡利用4个品种的选择导入系群体观测了冬小麦冠层温度与产量间的关系，并通过全基因组SSR标记检测相关主效基因位点，以解析其遗传机制。结果表明，冠层温度与千粒重和产量呈显著负相关；与有效穗数呈显著正相关，并随着时间的推移，相关性逐渐增大。在已报道的44个与千粒重或穗粒数相关联的SSR位点中，有9个与冠层温度显著关联，其中在6个位点上检测到优异等位变异，携带优异等位变异材料的冠层温度显著低于携带非优异等位变异材料的冠层温度。影响冠层温度的优异等位变异间存在明显的加性效应，这些位点同时也与千粒重和穗粒数呈现出显著关联。与冠层温度关联的SSR位点均与灌浆中后期旗叶的叶绿素含量相关联。由此表明，在灌浆后期良好的根系功能保证了水分和营养的正常供应，降低了冠层温度，而较低的冠层温度对叶绿素和光合起到了良好的保护作用，从而提高千粒重和增加籽粒产量。
소맥생육기간적관층온도，우기시개화이후적관층온도대식주쇠로、립중화품질등유흔대영향。2012—2013화2013—2014년도，재하남신향이용4개품충적선택도입계군체관측료동소맥관층온도여산량간적관계，병통과전기인조SSR표기검측상관주효기인위점，이해석기유전궤제。결과표명，관층온도여천립중화산량정현저부상관；여유효수수정현저정상관，병수착시간적추이，상관성축점증대。재이보도적44개여천립중혹수립수상관련적SSR위점중，유9개여관층온도현저관련，기중재6개위점상검측도우이등위변이，휴대우이등위변이재료적관층온도현저저우휴대비우이등위변이재료적관층온도。영향관층온도적우이등위변이간존재명현적가성효응，저사위점동시야여천립중화수립수정현출현저관련。여관층온도관련적SSR위점균여관장중후기기협적협록소함량상관련。유차표명，재관장후기량호적근계공능보증료수분화영양적정상공응，강저료관층온도，이교저적관층온도대협록소화광합기도료량호적보호작용，종이제고천립중화증가자립산량。
The canopy temperature (CT) during wheat growing period, especially after flowering, has a major impact on plant senescence, grain weight and quality. In this study, the relationship between CT and yield was analyzed using selected introgres-sion lines derived from more than 60 accessions of Chinese wheat mini core collection crossed and backcrossed by four wheat varieties. The CT was negatively correlated with thousand-kernel weight and kernel yield, and positively correlated with spike number per plant. The correlation coefficient gradually became larger in the process of time. Lower CT during later grain-filling protected chlorophyll and photosynthesis, increasing thousand-kernel weight (TKW) and yield. Among the 44 loci associated with grain number (GN) and TKW detected previously, nine were also associated with CT. Favored alleles were detected on six loci. The CTs of varieties containing favored alleles were lower than those of varieties containing other alleles. Obvious additive effect was found among favored alleles affecting CT. Several favored alleles showed pleiotropic genetic effects, such as decreasing CT, increasing chlorophyll content and kernel weight.