CAJ | 학술논문

科农9204是一个兼具高产和氮高效的候选小麦骨干亲本,其遗传背景复杂,携带冀麦38、小偃5号、绵阳75-18、小偃693和矮丰3号的遗传成分。利用221个PCR标记和89个DArT标记,绘制了科农9204的全基因组基因型图谱。在2DL上, Xmag3596–Xmag4089区段与增加千粒重和籽粒含氮量的QTL紧密连锁；在4BL上, Xcnl10与增加穗粒数、降低株高和穗茎长的QTL紧密连锁；在6BS上, Xcnl113和Xwmc756均与降低株高、穗茎长和穗下节间长的QTL紧密连锁。这些标记在科农9204衍生后代的传递率均为100.0%。利用已报道的关联性标记检测科农9204基因型在衍生后代的传递情况,与增加穗粒数相关的1个优异等位基因位点在衍生后代中的传递率为71.6%；与增加千粒重相关的4个优异等位基因位点的传递率均为100.0%；与根部性状相关的4个基因位点中,3个传递率为100.0%。这些与重要农艺性状相关位点,科农9204基因型在其衍生后代中有很高的传递率,在很大程度上与其对应的优异的农艺性状密不可分。科农9204染色体区段上存在的重要QTL可能是其成为候选骨干亲本的遗传基础。
과농9204시일개겸구고산화담고효적후선소맥골간친본,기유전배경복잡,휴대기맥38、소언5호、면양75-18、소언693화왜봉3호적유전성분。이용221개PCR표기화89개DArT표기,회제료과농9204적전기인조기인형도보。재2DL상, Xmag3596–Xmag4089구단여증가천립중화자립함담량적QTL긴밀련쇄；재4BL상, Xcnl10여증가수립수、강저주고화수경장적QTL긴밀련쇄；재6BS상, Xcnl113화Xwmc756균여강저주고、수경장화수하절간장적QTL긴밀련쇄。저사표기재과농9204연생후대적전체솔균위100.0%。이용이보도적관련성표기검측과농9204기인형재연생후대적전체정황,여증가수립수상관적1개우이등위기인위점재연생후대중적전체솔위71.6%；여증가천립중상관적4개우이등위기인위점적전체솔균위100.0%；여근부성상상관적4개기인위점중,3개전체솔위100.0%。저사여중요농예성상상관위점,과농9204기인형재기연생후대중유흔고적전체솔,재흔대정도상여기대응적우이적농예성상밀불가분。과농9204염색체구단상존재적중요QTL가능시기성위후선골간친본적유전기출。
Kenong 9204 (KN9204), a wheat cultivar with high yield potential and high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), has a diverse genetic basis containing genetic materials of Jimai 38, Xiaoyan 5, Mianyang 75-18, Xiaoyan 693, and Aifeng 3. In this study, the genotypic map of KN9204 was released, which embraced 221 PCR-derived markers and 89 DArT markers. On chro-mosome 2DL, the region of Xmag3596–Xmag4089 harbored QTLs for increasing thousand-kernel weight and grain nitrogen con-tent. On chromosome 4BL,Xcnl10 was close to the QTLs for increasingkernel number per spike and decreasing plant height and spike exsertion. On chromosome 6BS,Xcnl113andXwmc756were closely linked with QTLs for decreasing plant height, spike exsertion and peduncle length. These markers had the transmissibility of 100.0% in the derivatives. The transmissibility of KN9204 elite genotypes was analyzed by known associated markers. The percentages of marker transmissibility from KN9204 to its derivates were 71.6% for one locus associated with kernel number per spike, 100.0% for four loci associated with thousand- kernel weight and 100.0% for three out of four loci associated with root traits. The high transmissibility of KN9204 genotypes on these loci might attribute to the excellent agronomic traits of KN9204. The important chromosomal regions harboring QTLs for elite agronomic traits are deduced to be the genetic basis of KN9204 serving as a candidate backbone parent.