热带病与寄生虫学
熱帶病與寄生蟲學
열대병여기생충학
TROPICAL DISEASES AND PARASITOLOGY
2015年
1期
23-25
,共3页
陈美%彭孝武%张华明%刘雄%刘军%李霞%张瑕%崔彩霞
陳美%彭孝武%張華明%劉雄%劉軍%李霞%張瑕%崔綵霞
진미%팽효무%장화명%류웅%류군%리하%장하%최채하
钉螺密度%查螺%方法对比
釘螺密度%查螺%方法對比
정라밀도%사라%방법대비
Snail density%Snail investigation%Comparative method
目的:探讨按钉螺密度高低分级设定现场系统抽样查螺的间距,以提高查螺效率,降低查螺成本。方法选择江陵县廖堤村和熊堤村为试验村,对其有螺环境按500m分段,采用系统抽样法,以50m和10m设框分别对两村进行调查。用GPS定位每一自然环境每段起止点,捡获的钉螺统一进行压碎逸蚴法检测感染性钉螺,计算活螺平均密度和有螺框出现率,比较两种方法查螺的效果和效率。结果对两村共39段有螺环境进行调查,系统抽样10m设框调查2584框,活螺平均密度2.0406只/框,用工209h;50m设框调查539框,活螺平均密度2.6067只/框,用工73h。10m抽样调查所用工时是50m抽样调查所用工时的近3倍,相同地点两方法查螺查出的钉螺级别并无显著统计学差异(χ2=4.667,P>0.05)。结论在有螺环境中采用分级设定系统抽样查螺距离和模式具有用工少、提高效率,同时也可掌握有螺环境螺情分布现状等优点。
目的:探討按釘螺密度高低分級設定現場繫統抽樣查螺的間距,以提高查螺效率,降低查螺成本。方法選擇江陵縣廖隄村和熊隄村為試驗村,對其有螺環境按500m分段,採用繫統抽樣法,以50m和10m設框分彆對兩村進行調查。用GPS定位每一自然環境每段起止點,撿穫的釘螺統一進行壓碎逸蚴法檢測感染性釘螺,計算活螺平均密度和有螺框齣現率,比較兩種方法查螺的效果和效率。結果對兩村共39段有螺環境進行調查,繫統抽樣10m設框調查2584框,活螺平均密度2.0406隻/框,用工209h;50m設框調查539框,活螺平均密度2.6067隻/框,用工73h。10m抽樣調查所用工時是50m抽樣調查所用工時的近3倍,相同地點兩方法查螺查齣的釘螺級彆併無顯著統計學差異(χ2=4.667,P>0.05)。結論在有螺環境中採用分級設定繫統抽樣查螺距離和模式具有用工少、提高效率,同時也可掌握有螺環境螺情分佈現狀等優點。
목적:탐토안정라밀도고저분급설정현장계통추양사라적간거,이제고사라효솔,강저사라성본。방법선택강릉현료제촌화웅제촌위시험촌,대기유라배경안500m분단,채용계통추양법,이50m화10m설광분별대량촌진행조사。용GPS정위매일자연배경매단기지점,검획적정라통일진행압쇄일유법검측감염성정라,계산활라평균밀도화유라광출현솔,비교량충방법사라적효과화효솔。결과대량촌공39단유라배경진행조사,계통추양10m설광조사2584광,활라평균밀도2.0406지/광,용공209h;50m설광조사539광,활라평균밀도2.6067지/광,용공73h。10m추양조사소용공시시50m추양조사소용공시적근3배,상동지점량방법사라사출적정라급별병무현저통계학차이(χ2=4.667,P>0.05)。결론재유라배경중채용분급설정계통추양사라거리화모식구유용공소、제고효솔,동시야가장악유라배경라정분포현상등우점。
Objective To explore advantages and disadvantages in systematically surveying the Oncomela?nia snail density by space sectioning approaches for improve the efficiency and reducing the costs in snail sur?vey. Methods Liaodi village and Xiongdi village in Jiangling County were chosen as the pilot site, and the ar?eas with presence of snails were initially spaced into 50m and 10m by 500m, and surveyed with systematic sam?pling method. GPS was applied to determine the starting and ending point within the natural environment de?cided. The obtained snails were crushed to detect the infectious ones with cercaria shedding method. Then the average density of living snails and occurrence rate of frames with snails were calculated, and two different sur?vey methods were compared for determining the effectiveness and efficiency. Results A total of 39 sections were surveyed in the two villages. Systematic sampling of 2 584 frames by 10 m space revealed that the average density of living snails was 2.0406pcs/0.1m2. This consumed 209 hours in finishing tasks. Contrarily, sampling of 539 frames by 50 m space demonstrated an average density of living snails of 2.6067pcs/0.1m2, which con?sumed 73 hours of work that was three times as much as that of the former method. The difference was not sig?nificant regarding the snail status detected in the same space with diverse approaches(χ2=4.667, P>0.05). Con?clusion Space sectioning method for surveying the density in a typical environment with snail existence can re?duce the labors and improve the work efficiency, as well as authentically reveal distribution of snails in specific surroundings.