国际检验医学杂志
國際檢驗醫學雜誌
국제검험의학잡지
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
2015年
8期
1028-1031
,共4页
常见病原菌%分布%细菌耐药性监测
常見病原菌%分佈%細菌耐藥性鑑測
상견병원균%분포%세균내약성감측
common pathogens%distribution%surveillance of bacterial resistance
目的：了解医院常见病原菌的构成比及耐药趋势，为指导临床合理用药及控制感染提供依据。方法对2012～2014年临床送检的各类标本中分离的病原菌及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果2012～2014年共分离菌株1325株，革兰阴性菌889株占67．10％，革兰阳性菌284株占21．43％，真菌152株占11．47％。分离前五位的菌株依次是大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和鲍氏不动杆菌，大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南高度敏感，耐药率小于3．7％，但均检出碳青霉烯类耐药株（CRE），铜绿假单胞菌对美罗培南耐药率上升，对亚胺培南耐药率下降，鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南耐药率大于44．83％，金黄色葡萄球菌的甲氧西林耐药株（M RS A ）检出率由69．05％下降至的54．05％，屎肠球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替考拉宁、呋喃妥因高度敏感，但出现万古霉素耐药株（V RE ）菌株。结论医院常见病原菌的耐药性严重，应加强细菌耐药性监测，合理使用抗菌药物，采取有效的感控措施，预防和减少耐药菌株的产生。
目的：瞭解醫院常見病原菌的構成比及耐藥趨勢，為指導臨床閤理用藥及控製感染提供依據。方法對2012～2014年臨床送檢的各類標本中分離的病原菌及耐藥性進行迴顧性分析。結果2012～2014年共分離菌株1325株，革蘭陰性菌889株佔67．10％，革蘭暘性菌284株佔21．43％，真菌152株佔11．47％。分離前五位的菌株依次是大腸埃希菌、肺炎剋雷伯菌、銅綠假單胞菌、金黃色葡萄毬菌和鮑氏不動桿菌，大腸埃希菌和肺炎剋雷伯菌對亞胺培南高度敏感，耐藥率小于3．7％，但均檢齣碳青黴烯類耐藥株（CRE），銅綠假單胞菌對美囉培南耐藥率上升，對亞胺培南耐藥率下降，鮑氏不動桿菌對亞胺培南和美囉培南耐藥率大于44．83％，金黃色葡萄毬菌的甲氧西林耐藥株（M RS A ）檢齣率由69．05％下降至的54．05％，屎腸毬菌對萬古黴素、利奈唑胺、替攷拉寧、呋喃妥因高度敏感，但齣現萬古黴素耐藥株（V RE ）菌株。結論醫院常見病原菌的耐藥性嚴重，應加彊細菌耐藥性鑑測，閤理使用抗菌藥物，採取有效的感控措施，預防和減少耐藥菌株的產生。
목적：료해의원상견병원균적구성비급내약추세，위지도림상합리용약급공제감염제공의거。방법대2012～2014년림상송검적각류표본중분리적병원균급내약성진행회고성분석。결과2012～2014년공분리균주1325주，혁란음성균889주점67．10％，혁란양성균284주점21．43％，진균152주점11．47％。분리전오위적균주의차시대장애희균、폐염극뢰백균、동록가단포균、금황색포도구균화포씨불동간균，대장애희균화폐염극뢰백균대아알배남고도민감，내약솔소우3．7％，단균검출탄청매희류내약주（CRE），동록가단포균대미라배남내약솔상승，대아알배남내약솔하강，포씨불동간균대아알배남화미라배남내약솔대우44．83％，금황색포도구균적갑양서림내약주（M RS A ）검출솔유69．05％하강지적54．05％，시장구균대만고매소、리내서알、체고랍저、부남타인고도민감，단출현만고매소내약주（V RE ）균주。결론의원상견병원균적내약성엄중，응가강세균내약성감측，합리사용항균약물，채취유효적감공조시，예방화감소내약균주적산생。
Objective To understand the constituent ratio and the drug resistance tendency of the common pathogens in hospital in order to provide the basis for rational clinical drug use and control of nosocomial infection .Methods The pathogenic bacteria iso‐lated from the various submitted clinical specimens and their drug resistance in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were performed the retrospective analysis .Results A total of 1 325 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated ,among them 889 strains (67 .10% ) were Gram‐negative cocci ,284 strains(21 .43% ) were Gram‐positive cocci and 152 strains (11 .47% ) were fun‐gi .The top five of isolated strains were Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumonia ,Pseudomonas aeruginos ,Staphyloccocus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii .Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were highly resistant to imipenem with the resistance rate of 3 .7% ,but carbapenems‐resistant strain(CRE) was detected out .The resistant rateof Pseudomonas aeruginos to meropenem was in‐creased and which to imipenem was decreased .The resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to meropenem and imipenem were o‐ver 44 .83% .The detection rate of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA ) was decreased from 69 .05% to 54 .05% . Enterococcus faecium was highly sensitive to vancomycin ,linezolid ,teicoplanin and furadantin .But vacomycin‐resistant strains (VRE) were found .Conclusion The drug resistance of common pathogens causing nosocomial infection is serious in our hospital . Therefore ,it is very important to strengthen the monitoring of bacterial drug resistance ,rationally use antimicrobial drugs and adopt the effective measure of infection control to prevent and reduce the generation of drug‐resistant pathogens .
