中国卫生政策研究
中國衛生政策研究
중국위생정책연구
CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY
2015年
4期
47-52
,共6页
自愿入院治疗%监护人%强制入院治疗%决定能力
自願入院治療%鑑護人%彊製入院治療%決定能力
자원입원치료%감호인%강제입원치료%결정능력
Voluntary hospitalization%Guardian%Involuntary hospitalization%Decision-making capacity
自愿入院治疗制度的完善需要树立事前自愿和代行自愿的法治观念，同时应建立预先指示制度，以充分保障患者自己的决定权。应当消除监护人决定属于强制入院治疗的错误观念，将监护人决定纳入代行自愿制度之中。强制入院治疗制度的完善需要在对患者自由权与社会安全做出平衡的基础上对法律条款的“危害”、“安全”、“危险”进行明确。应当将严重精神障碍回归到纯粹医学问题的本质，将决定能力评定问题单独做出规定，制定统一的决定能力判定标准。
自願入院治療製度的完善需要樹立事前自願和代行自願的法治觀唸，同時應建立預先指示製度，以充分保障患者自己的決定權。應噹消除鑑護人決定屬于彊製入院治療的錯誤觀唸，將鑑護人決定納入代行自願製度之中。彊製入院治療製度的完善需要在對患者自由權與社會安全做齣平衡的基礎上對法律條款的“危害”、“安全”、“危險”進行明確。應噹將嚴重精神障礙迴歸到純粹醫學問題的本質，將決定能力評定問題單獨做齣規定，製定統一的決定能力判定標準。
자원입원치료제도적완선수요수립사전자원화대행자원적법치관념，동시응건립예선지시제도，이충분보장환자자기적결정권。응당소제감호인결정속우강제입원치료적착오관념，장감호인결정납입대행자원제도지중。강제입원치료제도적완선수요재대환자자유권여사회안전주출평형적기출상대법률조관적“위해”、“안전”、“위험”진행명학。응당장엄중정신장애회귀도순수의학문제적본질，장결정능력평정문제단독주출규정，제정통일적결정능력판정표준。
The institution of voluntary hospitalization should be improved by establishing the concept of prece-dent autonomy and surrogate decision-making. The institution of advance directives should also be established to pro-tect rights of autonomy for mentally disabled patients. The decision by the guardian provided by China’s Mental Health Law is one situation of surrogate decision-making rather than involuntary hospitalization. The provision of in-voluntary hospitalization, especially“damage”,“safety”, and“danger”, should be properly interpreted on the basis of balancing patient autonomy and social security. Serious mental disorders shall return to the essence of pure medical problems, and the determination of decision-making capacity should be a separate question. Unified criteria for the judgment of decision-making capacity should be established.
