CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查输血前给药是否可预防输血不良反应的发生。方法选择2011年3月至2013年12月承德市鹰手营子矿区铜城人民医院329例输血患者为研究对象，将在输血前使用药物预防的162例输血患者设为药物预防组；输血前不使用药物预防的167例输血患者设为对照组。根据病历记载对有无输血不良反应进行统计。结果①329例输血患者共输血1400次，共发生非溶血性输血反应27次，其中发热反应22次、过敏反应5次，无溶血性输血反应发生。药物预防组发热反应的发生率为1.51％（10／661），对照组为1.62％（12／739），两组发热反应的发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；药物预防组过敏反应发生率为0.30％（2／661），对照组为0.41％（3／739），过敏反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。②输血前静脉注射地塞米松发生输血反应5次，发生率为1.89％，输血前肌内注射异丙嗪发生输血反应6次，发生率为1.76％；输血前未用任何药物（对照组）发生输血反应15次，发生率为2.03％，三种情况输血不良反应发生率的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。③两组输血前后的体温、脉搏、血压、白细胞及中性粒细胞等指标变化的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论输血前给药无益于预防非溶血性输血反应的发生。
목적：조사수혈전급약시부가예방수혈불량반응적발생。방법선택2011년3월지2013년12월승덕시응수영자광구동성인민의원329례수혈환자위연구대상，장재수혈전사용약물예방적162례수혈환자설위약물예방조；수혈전불사용약물예방적167례수혈환자설위대조조。근거병력기재대유무수혈불량반응진행통계。결과①329례수혈환자공수혈1400차，공발생비용혈성수혈반응27차，기중발열반응22차、과민반응5차，무용혈성수혈반응발생。약물예방조발열반응적발생솔위1.51％（10／661），대조조위1.62％（12／739），량조발열반응적발생솔비교차이무통계학의의（P＞0.05）；약물예방조과민반응발생솔위0.30％（2／661），대조조위0.41％（3／739），과민반응발생솔비교차이무통계학의의（P＞0.05）。②수혈전정맥주사지새미송발생수혈반응5차，발생솔위1.89％，수혈전기내주사이병진발생수혈반응6차，발생솔위1.76％；수혈전미용임하약물（대조조）발생수혈반응15차，발생솔위2.03％，삼충정황수혈불량반응발생솔적차이무통계학의의（P＞0.05）。③량조수혈전후적체온、맥박、혈압、백세포급중성립세포등지표변화적차이무통계학의의（P＞0.05）。결론수혈전급약무익우예방비용혈성수혈반응적발생。
Objective To investigate the efficacy of medication before blood transfusion in the preven-tion of adverse reactions.Methods A total of 329 patients received blood transfusion in Tongcheng People′s Hospital of Yingshouyingzi Mining District from Mar.2011 to Dec.2013 were divided into two groups:162 patients received medication before blood transfusion as the drug prevention group;167 patients not received medication before blood transfusion as the control group .Adverse reactions of blood transfusion were counted according to medical records.Results ①In all the 329 cases, there were a total of 1400 times of blood transfusion,a total of 27 times of non-hemolytic transfusion reaction happened,including 22 times of fever re-action and 5 times of allergic reaction , and no hemolytic transfusion reaction happened .Fever reaction rate was 1.51%(10/661) in drug prevention group and 1.62% (12/739) in control group,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) between the two groups;incidence of allergy reactions was 0.30%(2/661) in drug prevention group and 0.41% (3/739)in control group,the difference was not statistically sig-nificant(P>0.05).②There were 5 times of transfusion reactions happened to patients who received intrave-nous dexamethasone before blood transfusion,the incidence of adverse reactions was 1.89%,and 6 times of transfusion reactions happened to patients who received muscle injection of promethazine before blood trans-fusion,the incidence of adverse reactions was 1.76%,moreover,15 times of transfusion reactions happened to patients of the control group,the incidence of adverse reactions was 2.03%,the incidences of adverse re-actions of the three conditions had no statistically significant differences ( P>0.05 ) .③The body tempera-ture,pulse,blood pressure, leukocyte and neutrophil counts before and after blood transfusion in the two groups had no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion Medication before blood transfu-sion is not conducive to prevent the incidence of the non-hemolytic transfusion reactions,but has good thera-peutic effect on adverse reactions of blood transfusion already happened .