CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解济宁市城区小学生被动吸烟现状、对烟草危害的认知情况及影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，抽取济宁市城区小学5所，教育培训机构4个，共向1355名三至五年级小学生发放问卷，有效应答率为90．55％。结果济宁市城区小学生被动吸烟率为66．91％，尝试吸烟率为9．16％。五年级小学生对家人和同伴吸烟持否定态度的比例低于三、四年级（χ2分别为6．427、9．44，P分别为0．04、0．009）。老师及学校控烟情况在不同年级间差异有统计学意义（χ2分别为17．579、24．557．P＜0．001），五年级小学生课堂讲授吸烟危害健康相关知识比例较高。logistic回归分析结果为：帮家人买烟是影响小学生对被动吸烟危害健康认知的危险因素，OR＝2．416，95％ CI（1．356～4．304），听说过被动吸烟、老师曾讲解吸烟危害健康、学校设有烟草危害的宣传教育栏、学校有禁止吸烟的标志或警示性标语是小学生对被动吸烟有害健康认知的保护因素。结论济宁市城区小学生被动吸烟率和尝试吸烟率均较高，提高家庭成员的控烟意识，加强校园控烟教育，建设无烟校园，是减少小学生被动吸烟危害的有效措施。
목적：료해제저시성구소학생피동흡연현상、대연초위해적인지정황급영향인소。방법채용분층정군추양방법，추취제저시성구소학5소，교육배훈궤구4개，공향1355명삼지오년급소학생발방문권，유효응답솔위90．55％。결과제저시성구소학생피동흡연솔위66．91％，상시흡연솔위9．16％。오년급소학생대가인화동반흡연지부정태도적비례저우삼、사년급（χ2분별위6．427、9．44，P분별위0．04、0．009）。로사급학교공연정황재불동년급간차이유통계학의의（χ2분별위17．579、24．557．P＜0．001），오년급소학생과당강수흡연위해건강상관지식비례교고。logistic회귀분석결과위：방가인매연시영향소학생대피동흡연위해건강인지적위험인소，OR＝2．416，95％ CI（1．356～4．304），은설과피동흡연、로사증강해흡연위해건강、학교설유연초위해적선전교육란、학교유금지흡연적표지혹경시성표어시소학생대피동흡연유해건강인지적보호인소。결론제저시성구소학생피동흡연솔화상시흡연솔균교고，제고가정성원적공연의식，가강교완공연교육，건설무연교완，시감소소학생피동흡연위해적유효조시。
Ob j ective To investigate the current situation of passive smoking ,the cognition of tobacco harm and its influencing factors of urban students in primary schools in Jining .Methods Stratified cluster random sam‐pling methods were used and questionnaires were send to 1355 pupils of 3 to 5 grades in four education institutions and five primary schools ,with the effective response rates 90 .55% .Results The passive smoking rate of the pri‐mary school students was 66 .91% ,while the smoking attempt rate 9 .16% .The proportion of the fifth grade students who took the negative attitudes towards families and peers smoking was lower than that of the third and forth grades students(withχ2 6 .427 and 9 .44 respectively ,P 0 .04 and 0 .009 respectively) .There were signifi‐cant differences of tobacco control by teachers and schools among different grades (χ2 17 .579 and 24 .557 respec‐tively and P<0 .001) .The proportion of instruction about the harm of tobacco was higher in fifth grades .It was a risk factor of helping families buy cigarettes which could disturb primary students to get the knowledge on the harm of passive smoking ( OR= 2 .416 ,OR 95% CI:1 .356~4 .304 ) .The protective factors include knowing pas‐sive smoking ,propaganda about the harm of smoking from teacher ,announcement boards about tobacco harm ,and the slogans of no‐smoking in schools .Conclusion The rates of primary school students'smoking and passive smok‐ing were serious .Useful measures should include improving the awareness of tobacco control of family members , enhancing the anti‐smoking education in schools and building smoke‐free schools .