CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解中国初中在校学生烟草广告和促销暴露的现状.方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在全国31个省(自治区、直辖市)初中在校学生中选取调查样本(n=155 117).采用学生自填问卷方式收集数据,内容主要包括烟草使用、二手烟暴露、烟草制品获得与价格、控烟宣传、烟草广告和促销、对烟草的认知和态度等.对数据加权后,采用SAS 9.3软件进行数据分析.结果在过去的30 d内,48.5％的初中生见过烟草广告或促销.其中通过电视的比例最高(21.3％),其次为户外广告牌(20.1％)、烟草零售点(17.5％)和互联网(15.6％).此外,4.6％的学生报告自己有印着烟草产品品牌的物品;2.0％的学生得到过烟草公司工作人员提供的免费烟草产品;25.2％的吸烟学生最近一次购买卷烟是按“支”购买的;69.7％的学生报告在电视/录像/电影中看到吸烟镜头.从未使用过烟草产品的学生中,暴露于烟草广告和促销者认为吸烟更有吸引力、好朋友给烟可能会或肯定会吸、未来12个月可能会或肯定会吸烟、吸烟令人感到更舒服、自己可能会喜欢吸烟的比例均高于非暴露组(P＜0.000 1).结论中国初中学生暴露于烟草广告和促销的现状相当严重,暴露使学生更容易对烟草使用持正向态度.现有法律法规已不能充分有效保护青少年,建议尽快修订《广告法》,全面禁止烟草广告、促销和赞助.
목적 료해중국초중재교학생연초엄고화촉소폭로적현상.방법 채용다계단분층정군수궤추양적방법,재전국31개성(자치구、직할시)초중재교학생중선취조사양본(n=155 117).채용학생자전문권방식수집수거,내용주요포괄연초사용、이수연폭로、연초제품획득여개격、공연선전、연초엄고화촉소、대연초적인지화태도등.대수거가권후,채용SAS 9.3연건진행수거분석.결과 재과거적30 d내,48.5％적초중생견과연초엄고혹촉소.기중통과전시적비례최고(21.3％),기차위호외엄고패(20.1％)、연초령수점(17.5％)화호련망(15.6％).차외,4.6％적학생보고자기유인착연초산품품패적물품;2.0％적학생득도과연초공사공작인원제공적면비연초산품;25.2％적흡연학생최근일차구매권연시안“지”구매적;69.7％적학생보고재전시/록상/전영중간도흡연경두.종미사용과연초산품적학생중,폭로우연초엄고화촉소자인위흡연경유흡인력、호붕우급연가능회혹긍정회흡、미래12개월가능회혹긍정회흡연、흡연령인감도경서복、자기가능회희환흡연적비례균고우비폭로조(P＜0.000 1).결론 중국초중학생폭로우연초엄고화촉소적현상상당엄중,폭로사학생경용역대연초사용지정향태도.현유법율법규이불능충분유효보호청소년,건의진쾌수정《엄고법》,전면금지연초엄고、촉소화찬조.
Objective To exam the exposure status to tobacco advertisement and promotion programs in Chinese middle school students.Methods Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select participated grade 7-9 middle school students in 31 provinces (n=155 117).A self-administrated questionnaire was used in which questions related to behavior on tobacco use,exposure to second-hand smoking (SHS),access to tobacco products and prices,tobacco control advocacy,exposure to tobacco advertisement,and promotion as well as attitude and knowledge towards tobacco,etc.Data was weighted and analyzed,using the complex survey module of SAS 9.3 software.Results In the past 30 days,48.5％ of the students had a chance to see advertisement or promotion programs on tobacco.Tobacco advertisement or promotion were most frequently seen on TV (21.3 ％) among students,followed by outdoor billboard (20.1％),at the stands for sale (17.5％),and Internet (15.6％).In addition,4.6％ of the students reported having kept the items related to brand logos of tobacco products; 2.0％ reported having been offered a free tobacco product by tobacco company representatives; 69.7％ reported having seen scenes related to smoking on TV/videos/movie screens.Twenty five point two percent of the student smokers reported buying individual sticks at last purchase.Among those students who had never been exposed to tobacco,the ones who had been exposed to tobacco advertisement and promotion programs reported that they were more likely to feel smoking attractive than those who had not.They also reported that if a cigarette was offered by friends,they might try to smoke within the next 12 months,feeling that smoking would make him/her comfortable,and finally to feel that they might enjoy smoking (P＜0.000 1).Conclusion Adolescents had been heavily exposed to tobacco advertisement and promotion programs in China.Students who had been exposed to tobacco advertisement or promotions were more likely to express positive attitude to tobacco use.It is urgent to make amendments to China's Advertising Law to completely prohibit tobacco advertisement,promotion and sponsorship programs,to keep the young people away from tobacco.