噪声与振动控制
譟聲與振動控製
조성여진동공제
NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL
2015年
2期
51-56
,共6页
振动与波%故障诊断%高速列车%信号分析%转向架
振動與波%故障診斷%高速列車%信號分析%轉嚮架
진동여파%고장진단%고속열차%신호분석%전향가
vibration and wave%fault diagnosis%high speed trains%signal analysis%bogie
高速列车转向架是否故障及故障种类对列车运行的安全性有重要的影响。为了及时高效的对转向架关键部件进行故障诊断，本文选用高速列车转向架典型故障振动信号，提出了运用功率谱与主成分分析相结合的方法提取信号特征，先对样本数据进行功率谱估计，构造包含所有工况的特征频点数组，将这些频率点在每个样本的功率谱中对应的幅值作为特征向量，再通过主成分分析降维处理，去除冗余的特征项，最后经过支持向量机分类判断出故障种类。用加速度和位移传感器选取5个测点，取得了满意的识别结果，准确率在90%以上，验证了该方法的有效性。
高速列車轉嚮架是否故障及故障種類對列車運行的安全性有重要的影響。為瞭及時高效的對轉嚮架關鍵部件進行故障診斷，本文選用高速列車轉嚮架典型故障振動信號，提齣瞭運用功率譜與主成分分析相結閤的方法提取信號特徵，先對樣本數據進行功率譜估計，構造包含所有工況的特徵頻點數組，將這些頻率點在每箇樣本的功率譜中對應的幅值作為特徵嚮量，再通過主成分分析降維處理，去除冗餘的特徵項，最後經過支持嚮量機分類判斷齣故障種類。用加速度和位移傳感器選取5箇測點，取得瞭滿意的識彆結果，準確率在90%以上，驗證瞭該方法的有效性。
고속열차전향가시부고장급고장충류대열차운행적안전성유중요적영향。위료급시고효적대전향가관건부건진행고장진단，본문선용고속열차전향가전형고장진동신호，제출료운용공솔보여주성분분석상결합적방법제취신호특정，선대양본수거진행공솔보고계，구조포함소유공황적특정빈점수조，장저사빈솔점재매개양본적공솔보중대응적폭치작위특정향량，재통과주성분분석강유처리，거제용여적특정항，최후경과지지향량궤분류판단출고장충류。용가속도화위이전감기선취5개측점，취득료만의적식별결과，준학솔재90%이상，험증료해방법적유효성。
The bogie faults and fault types of high-speed trains have an important impact on the safety of train opera-tion. In order to diagnose the bogie fault efficiently, a novel method for feature extraction was proposed by combination of power spectrum with principal component analysis. First of all, the power spectrum evaluation was done using the sample da-ta of the typical fault signals of the bogie, and an array including feature frequency points of a variety of faults was construct-ed. Then, the power spectrum amplitudes of these points were used to constitute a feature vector, and the redundant features were removed by principal component analysis. Finally, the fault type was identified by SVM. As an example, 5 different test points were selected for the testing and satisfactory recognition results were obtained. The correct recognition rate was up to 90%, which verified the effectiveness of this method.
