CAJ | 학술논문

表示“玩耍”义的词属于人类语言的基本词。现代普通话说“玩”，方言中还有“耍”、“戏（嬉）”、“白相”等，历史上这些词之间存在竞争替换关系。从上古开始“戏”一直是通语中的主导词，直到明代被“耍”所取代；清以来“耍”又被“玩”所取代，“耍”退居为官话地区第一大方言词；“耍”、“玩”都是近代汉语才开始兴起的，二者的发源地均应在北方；历史上“嬉”和“白相”很可能一直是方言词，今天依然如此。
표시“완사”의적사속우인류어언적기본사。현대보통화설“완”，방언중환유“사”、“희（희）”、“백상”등，역사상저사사지간존재경쟁체환관계。종상고개시“희”일직시통어중적주도사，직도명대피“사”소취대；청이래“사”우피“완”소취대，“사”퇴거위관화지구제일대방언사；“사”、“완”도시근대한어재개시흥기적，이자적발원지균응재북방；역사상“희”화“백상”흔가능일직시방언사，금천의연여차。
“Play” is but a common word in any languages.In standard Chinese ( Putonghua ) , the meaning of “play” is expressed by Wan(玩) , while in some dialects by shua(耍) , xi(戏/嬉) and baixiang (白相) .However, different times in history used different words.In ancient times, xi(戏) had been an in-dispensable character in forming words meaning“play”, and was replaced by shua(耍) in the Ming Dynasty. Wan(玩) ,however, has been dominant since the Qing Dynasty, and consequently, shua (耍) became the first dialectal word in Mandarin areas.Both shua(耍) and Wan(玩) possibly enjoyed their popularity in Late Ancient Chinese and originated in the North; on the other hand, Xi(嬉) and baixiang(白相) have always been dialectal words both in history and today.