草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
PRATACULTURAL SCIENCE
2015年
4期
201-207
,共7页
瞿王龙%杨小鹏%张存涛%魏冰
瞿王龍%楊小鵬%張存濤%魏冰
구왕룡%양소붕%장존도%위빙
干旱半干旱草原%灌丛%肥岛效应%植被%养分
榦旱半榦旱草原%灌叢%肥島效應%植被%養分
간한반간한초원%관총%비도효응%식피%양분
arid and semi-arid grassland%shrub%fertile island effects%vegetation%nutrient
灌丛可以改变局部的生态小环境,使其周围植物生物量、植物组成、植物化学成分、土壤中大量营养元素和微量营养元素产生变异,将养分集中于灌木灌丛下,改变其周围的局部小环境,影响灌丛下的植被和土壤养分,称作灌丛肥岛效应。灌丛因截留水分、养分及遮阴等作用使其周围局部土壤和植被环境发生变化,导致其树冠下养分和水分聚集,土壤养分相对周围空地更肥沃。探讨干旱和半干旱地区天然草原的灌丛化过程及其生态学效应,了解其对荒漠草地恢复过程的作用,减缓土壤侵蚀和草地生产力下降,对植被的演替和恢复重建等都有重要的生态学意义,并为防治干旱半干旱荒漠生态地区土地退化提供理论依据。
灌叢可以改變跼部的生態小環境,使其週圍植物生物量、植物組成、植物化學成分、土壤中大量營養元素和微量營養元素產生變異,將養分集中于灌木灌叢下,改變其週圍的跼部小環境,影響灌叢下的植被和土壤養分,稱作灌叢肥島效應。灌叢因截留水分、養分及遮陰等作用使其週圍跼部土壤和植被環境髮生變化,導緻其樹冠下養分和水分聚集,土壤養分相對週圍空地更肥沃。探討榦旱和半榦旱地區天然草原的灌叢化過程及其生態學效應,瞭解其對荒漠草地恢複過程的作用,減緩土壤侵蝕和草地生產力下降,對植被的縯替和恢複重建等都有重要的生態學意義,併為防治榦旱半榦旱荒漠生態地區土地退化提供理論依據。
관총가이개변국부적생태소배경,사기주위식물생물량、식물조성、식물화학성분、토양중대량영양원소화미량영양원소산생변이,장양분집중우관목관총하,개변기주위적국부소배경,영향관총하적식피화토양양분,칭작관총비도효응。관총인절류수분、양분급차음등작용사기주위국부토양화식피배경발생변화,도치기수관하양분화수분취집,토양양분상대주위공지경비옥。탐토간한화반간한지구천연초원적관총화과정급기생태학효응,료해기대황막초지회복과정적작용,감완토양침식화초지생산력하강,대식피적연체화회복중건등도유중요적생태학의의,병위방치간한반간한황막생태지구토지퇴화제공이론의거。
Shrubs can change the local ecological environment,which in turn impacts on the surrounding plant biomass,plant composition,plant chemical composition,and macro-and micronutrient elements in the nearby soil.Shrubs can change the local micro-environment in ways which affect the spatial distribution and circulation of nutrients,and may concentrate nutrients under the shrub canopy or enhance moisture retention.Such pat-ches displaying enhanced moisture and nutrient retention and shade effects relative to the surrounding space are known as the shrub fertile islands.Here we discuss the ecological impact of shrubs in natural arid and semi-arid grassland areas and their role in the desert grassland restoration process,reduction of soil erosion and associat-ed grassland productivity decline.The importance of shrubs and their ecological significance for vegetation suc-cession and restoration and reconstruction is discussed,and a theoretical basis for prevention and control of land degradation in ecologically fragile regions is provided.