农业环境科学学报
農業環境科學學報
농업배경과학학보
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
2015年
4期
653-659
,共7页
赵倩%王灿灿%袁旭姣%朱琳
趙倩%王燦燦%袁旭姣%硃琳
조천%왕찬찬%원욱교%주림
腐植酸%扑草净%急性毒性%斑马鱼
腐植痠%撲草淨%急性毒性%斑馬魚
부식산%복초정%급성독성%반마어
humic acid(HA)%prometryn%acute toxoticy%zebrafish(Danio rerio)
腐植酸（HA）是水环境中一类重要的溶解性有机质，它能影响有机污染物对生物的急性毒性。以除草剂扑草净（Prometryn）作为目标污染物，模式生物斑马鱼（Danio rerio）作为受试生物，研究了扑草净对斑马鱼的96 h急性毒性以及HA存在下其对斑马鱼的毒性变化情况。结果显示，扑草净对斑马鱼的96 h半致死浓度（96 h LC50）为7.448 mg·L-1，95％置信区间为（7.032~7.971）mg·L-1。5 mg·L-1的HA对扑草净的毒性没有显著影响，但当扑草净浓度为8.5 mg·L-1时，15 mg·L-1的HA增加了其对斑马鱼的96 h累积死亡率，较同样扑草净浓度下无HA组高出40％。研究表明在较高扑草净浓度下，15 mg·L-1 HA能增加其对斑马鱼的急性毒性，这可能是由于较高浓度（大于LC50值）的扑草净与HA共存时，减少污染物毒性的络合机制被其他能够引起毒性增加的机制所掩盖。
腐植痠（HA）是水環境中一類重要的溶解性有機質，它能影響有機汙染物對生物的急性毒性。以除草劑撲草淨（Prometryn）作為目標汙染物，模式生物斑馬魚（Danio rerio）作為受試生物，研究瞭撲草淨對斑馬魚的96 h急性毒性以及HA存在下其對斑馬魚的毒性變化情況。結果顯示，撲草淨對斑馬魚的96 h半緻死濃度（96 h LC50）為7.448 mg·L-1，95％置信區間為（7.032~7.971）mg·L-1。5 mg·L-1的HA對撲草淨的毒性沒有顯著影響，但噹撲草淨濃度為8.5 mg·L-1時，15 mg·L-1的HA增加瞭其對斑馬魚的96 h纍積死亡率，較同樣撲草淨濃度下無HA組高齣40％。研究錶明在較高撲草淨濃度下，15 mg·L-1 HA能增加其對斑馬魚的急性毒性，這可能是由于較高濃度（大于LC50值）的撲草淨與HA共存時，減少汙染物毒性的絡閤機製被其他能夠引起毒性增加的機製所掩蓋。
부식산（HA）시수배경중일류중요적용해성유궤질，타능영향유궤오염물대생물적급성독성。이제초제복초정（Prometryn）작위목표오염물，모식생물반마어（Danio rerio）작위수시생물，연구료복초정대반마어적96 h급성독성이급HA존재하기대반마어적독성변화정황。결과현시，복초정대반마어적96 h반치사농도（96 h LC50）위7.448 mg·L-1，95％치신구간위（7.032~7.971）mg·L-1。5 mg·L-1적HA대복초정적독성몰유현저영향，단당복초정농도위8.5 mg·L-1시，15 mg·L-1적HA증가료기대반마어적96 h루적사망솔，교동양복초정농도하무HA조고출40％。연구표명재교고복초정농도하，15 mg·L-1 HA능증가기대반마어적급성독성，저가능시유우교고농도（대우LC50치）적복초정여HA공존시，감소오염물독성적락합궤제피기타능구인기독성증가적궤제소엄개。
Humic acid (HA)is a principal component of dissolved organic matters in all aquatic ecosystems. It comprises of a variety of molecular structures and functional groups and can bind pollutants in the water, thereby affecting the pollutant toxicity to aquatic organisms. In this study, a triazine herbicide prometryn, commonly present in the surface and ground water, was chosen as the target pollutant and a model organism zebrafish(Danio rerio)as the target organism. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity of prometryn to Danio rerio at 5 and 15 mg·L-1 HA concentrations. Under single prometryn exposure, the 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h median lethal concen-trations(LC50)of prometryn to Danio rerio were 9.143, 8.432, 7.645, and 7.448 mg·L-1 and 95%confidence intervals were 8.635~9.861, 7.408~9.934, 7.041~8.310, and 7.032~7.971 mg·L-1, respectively. Based on these acute toxic experiment results, prometryn had the high toxicity to Danio rerio. In addition, 96 h cumulative mortality rate of Danio rerio did not change obviously with 5 mg·L-1 HA when the con-centrations of prometryn were 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5 mg·L-1. In contrast, the same toxicological parameter became 40%higher at 15 mg·L-1 HA than HA-free when prometryn concentration was 8.5 mg·L-1. It was shown that HA can increase the acute toxicity under higher prometryn concentrations. This might be explained by a hypothesis that the association of prometryn with DOM reducing its toxicity might be overshad-owed by other mechanisms actually enhancing its toxicity in water.
