CAJ | 학술논문

低频阶次噪声对排气噪声声品质有着重要的影响，带阀消声器成为消除排气低频噪声的手段之一。对带阀消声器进行试验分析和三维数值仿真，发现随着阀体开度的增加，共振器的共振频率向高频移动。进一步从实际带阀消声器结构中提取出一种可调声质量抗共振器子结构单元，采用三维数值方法和集总阻抗传递矩阵模型计算出不同开度下的阀体结构的声质量抗，建立共振器的集总阻抗模型。结果显示，阀体开度变化改变了共振器的声质量抗，而声质量抗是影响共振频率的关键因素，揭示出带阀消声器消除低频阶次噪声的机理。将带阀消声器和对比消声器进行实车测试。结果表明，带阀消声器起到跟踪消减低频阶次噪声的作用。
저빈계차조성대배기조성성품질유착중요적영향，대벌소성기성위소제배기저빈조성적수단지일。대대벌소성기진행시험분석화삼유수치방진，발현수착벌체개도적증가，공진기적공진빈솔향고빈이동。진일보종실제대벌소성기결구중제취출일충가조성질량항공진기자결구단원，채용삼유수치방법화집총조항전체구진모형계산출불동개도하적벌체결구적성질량항，건립공진기적집총조항모형。결과현시，벌체개도변화개변료공진기적성질량항，이성질량항시영향공진빈솔적관건인소，게시출대벌소성기소제저빈계차조성적궤리。장대벌소성기화대비소성기진행실차측시。결과표명，대벌소성기기도근종소감저빈계차조성적작용。
The order noise in low-frequency band has great impact on the sound quality of exhaust noise. The muffler with valve becomes one of the means to eliminate low-frequency noise. The actual muffler with valve is analyzed by experiment and three-dimensional numerical simulation methods. It is found that the resonance frequency shift towards high frequency as the valve’s opening degrees increase. Further, a sub structural unit, named adjustable lumped inertance resonator(ALIR), is extracted from the actual muffler with valve. Three-dimensional numerical simulation and an in-line lumped element model are used to calculate the lumped inertance of the valve structure with different opening angles. The lumped model of ALIR is established. The results show that the lumped inertance, which changes with the valve’s opening degrees, is the key factor on the shifting of resonance frequency. Therefore the low frequency silencer mechanism of the muffler with valve is successfully revealed. At last, actual vehicle test is implemented with the muffler with valve and a contrast muffler. It is found that the muffler with valve can effectively eliminate the order noise tracing the engine speed times.