机械工程学报
機械工程學報
궤계공정학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
2015年
6期
135-141
,共7页
刘海涛%郑四发%但佳壁%连小珉
劉海濤%鄭四髮%但佳壁%連小珉
류해도%정사발%단가벽%련소민
排气阶次噪声%声质量抗%共振器%阀体结构
排氣階次譟聲%聲質量抗%共振器%閥體結構
배기계차조성%성질량항%공진기%벌체결구
exhaust order noise%lumped inertance%resonator%valve structure
低频阶次噪声对排气噪声声品质有着重要的影响,带阀消声器成为消除排气低频噪声的手段之一。对带阀消声器进行试验分析和三维数值仿真,发现随着阀体开度的增加,共振器的共振频率向高频移动。进一步从实际带阀消声器结构中提取出一种可调声质量抗共振器子结构单元,采用三维数值方法和集总阻抗传递矩阵模型计算出不同开度下的阀体结构的声质量抗,建立共振器的集总阻抗模型。结果显示,阀体开度变化改变了共振器的声质量抗,而声质量抗是影响共振频率的关键因素,揭示出带阀消声器消除低频阶次噪声的机理。将带阀消声器和对比消声器进行实车测试。结果表明,带阀消声器起到跟踪消减低频阶次噪声的作用。
低頻階次譟聲對排氣譟聲聲品質有著重要的影響,帶閥消聲器成為消除排氣低頻譟聲的手段之一。對帶閥消聲器進行試驗分析和三維數值倣真,髮現隨著閥體開度的增加,共振器的共振頻率嚮高頻移動。進一步從實際帶閥消聲器結構中提取齣一種可調聲質量抗共振器子結構單元,採用三維數值方法和集總阻抗傳遞矩陣模型計算齣不同開度下的閥體結構的聲質量抗,建立共振器的集總阻抗模型。結果顯示,閥體開度變化改變瞭共振器的聲質量抗,而聲質量抗是影響共振頻率的關鍵因素,揭示齣帶閥消聲器消除低頻階次譟聲的機理。將帶閥消聲器和對比消聲器進行實車測試。結果錶明,帶閥消聲器起到跟蹤消減低頻階次譟聲的作用。
저빈계차조성대배기조성성품질유착중요적영향,대벌소성기성위소제배기저빈조성적수단지일。대대벌소성기진행시험분석화삼유수치방진,발현수착벌체개도적증가,공진기적공진빈솔향고빈이동。진일보종실제대벌소성기결구중제취출일충가조성질량항공진기자결구단원,채용삼유수치방법화집총조항전체구진모형계산출불동개도하적벌체결구적성질량항,건립공진기적집총조항모형。결과현시,벌체개도변화개변료공진기적성질량항,이성질량항시영향공진빈솔적관건인소,게시출대벌소성기소제저빈계차조성적궤리。장대벌소성기화대비소성기진행실차측시。결과표명,대벌소성기기도근종소감저빈계차조성적작용。
The order noise in low-frequency band has great impact on the sound quality of exhaust noise. The muffler with valve becomes one of the means to eliminate low-frequency noise. The actual muffler with valve is analyzed by experiment and three-dimensional numerical simulation methods. It is found that the resonance frequency shift towards high frequency as the valve’s opening degrees increase. Further, a sub structural unit, named adjustable lumped inertance resonator(ALIR), is extracted from the actual muffler with valve. Three-dimensional numerical simulation and an in-line lumped element model are used to calculate the lumped inertance of the valve structure with different opening angles. The lumped model of ALIR is established. The results show that the lumped inertance, which changes with the valve’s opening degrees, is the key factor on the shifting of resonance frequency. Therefore the low frequency silencer mechanism of the muffler with valve is successfully revealed. At last, actual vehicle test is implemented with the muffler with valve and a contrast muffler. It is found that the muffler with valve can effectively eliminate the order noise tracing the engine speed times.