CAJ | 학술논문

采用 Hertz 理论和有限元分析软件 ANSYS，对钢轨表面存在微裂纹的轮轨接触疲劳问题进行研究，在不同轴重和运行状态下，获得不同位置的裂纹尖端应力强度因子。结果表明，随着轴重的增加，应力强度因子KI增加，而KI 的变化趋势因车轮运行状态的不同而不尽相同。摩擦力的存在，使得KI、KI 明显增加，且明显改变KI 的变化趋势；在无摩擦力时，KI所占KI的比例约为6%，纯滚动时，KI 所占KI的比例达到将近20%，全滑动时，KI 所占KI的比例接近50%，因此，对钢轨进行疲劳断裂机理分析时，KI 明显不可忽略。由于Hertz理论不考虑材料的塑性和轮轨间的摩擦力，使得Hertz理论分析轮轨接触疲劳时有适用范围小、计算结果偏大、误差累计等缺点，而有限元法是解决复杂轮轨接触疲劳问题更有效的方法。
채용 Hertz 이론화유한원분석연건 ANSYS，대강궤표면존재미렬문적륜궤접촉피로문제진행연구，재불동축중화운행상태하，획득불동위치적렬문첨단응력강도인자。결과표명，수착축중적증가，응력강도인자KI증가，이KI 적변화추세인차륜운행상태적불동이불진상동。마찰력적존재，사득KI、KI 명현증가，차명현개변KI 적변화추세；재무마찰력시，KI소점KI적비례약위6%，순곤동시，KI 소점KI적비례체도장근20%，전활동시，KI 소점KI적비례접근50%，인차，대강궤진행피로단렬궤리분석시，KI 명현불가홀략。유우Hertz이론불고필재료적소성화륜궤간적마찰력，사득Hertz이론분석륜궤접촉피로시유괄용범위소、계산결과편대、오차루계등결점，이유한원법시해결복잡륜궤접촉피로문제경유효적방법。
The Hertz theory and finite element software ANSYS are used to analyze the contact fatigue problem of wheel/rail with surface crack. Under the condition of different axle loads and operating states, the stress intensity factors of crack tip at different locations are obtained. The results show that, the stress intensity factorKI increases with the increase of axle load, but the variation of KI differs greatly for different operating states. The stress intensity factorKI andKI increase significantly with the effect of the friction, and it changes the variation trend ofKI. In the state of fraction free,KI accounts for 5% ofKI. In the pure rolling state,KI accounts for 20% ofKI. In the full sliding state,KI accounts for 55% ofKI. It means that theKI cannot be ignored when analyzing the fatigue and fracture mechanism of rail. Hertz theory has the following defects, narrow scope of application, larger result and error accumulation because of the Hertz theory does not consider the plasticity of material and the friction between wheel and rail. The finite element method is an effective method to solve the complex contact fatigue problem of wheel/rail.