机械工程学报
機械工程學報
궤계공정학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
2015年
6期
155-164
,共10页
王光庆%展永政%金文平%廖维新
王光慶%展永政%金文平%廖維新
왕광경%전영정%금문평%료유신
弹性放大器%宽频带%压电能量采集器%机电耦合模型%试验分析
彈性放大器%寬頻帶%壓電能量採集器%機電耦閤模型%試驗分析
탄성방대기%관빈대%압전능량채집기%궤전우합모형%시험분석
elastic magnifier%broadband%piezoelectric energy harvester%electromechanical model%experiment analysis
为提高单频压电振动能量采集器的能量转换效率和工作频带，以带有弹性放大器的宽频压电悬臂梁振动能量采集器为研究对象，提出一种改进的集总参数机电耦合解析模型，通过引入参数修正因子和考虑悬臂梁的振型信息，利用能量守恒原理和曲线拟合方法确定解析模型的等效参数，并根据力学、电学平衡原理建立系统的运动控制方程、频率特性方程和电功率输出表达式；仿真分析能量采集器质量比、刚度比、阻尼比以及负载电阻等对系统振动特性、电输出特性及负载特性的影响；研制宽频压电悬臂梁振动能量采集器原理样机，搭建试验系统，对解析模型进行验证。结果表明：增大弹性放大器与压电悬臂梁的刚度比和质量比以及减小弹性放大器与压电悬臂梁的阻尼比可以提高能量采集器的转换效率和工作频带。
為提高單頻壓電振動能量採集器的能量轉換效率和工作頻帶，以帶有彈性放大器的寬頻壓電懸臂樑振動能量採集器為研究對象，提齣一種改進的集總參數機電耦閤解析模型，通過引入參數脩正因子和攷慮懸臂樑的振型信息，利用能量守恆原理和麯線擬閤方法確定解析模型的等效參數，併根據力學、電學平衡原理建立繫統的運動控製方程、頻率特性方程和電功率輸齣錶達式；倣真分析能量採集器質量比、剛度比、阻尼比以及負載電阻等對繫統振動特性、電輸齣特性及負載特性的影響；研製寬頻壓電懸臂樑振動能量採集器原理樣機，搭建試驗繫統，對解析模型進行驗證。結果錶明：增大彈性放大器與壓電懸臂樑的剛度比和質量比以及減小彈性放大器與壓電懸臂樑的阻尼比可以提高能量採集器的轉換效率和工作頻帶。
위제고단빈압전진동능량채집기적능량전환효솔화공작빈대，이대유탄성방대기적관빈압전현비량진동능량채집기위연구대상，제출일충개진적집총삼수궤전우합해석모형，통과인입삼수수정인자화고필현비량적진형신식，이용능량수항원리화곡선의합방법학정해석모형적등효삼수，병근거역학、전학평형원리건립계통적운동공제방정、빈솔특성방정화전공솔수출표체식；방진분석능량채집기질량비、강도비、조니비이급부재전조등대계통진동특성、전수출특성급부재특성적영향；연제관빈압전현비량진동능량채집기원리양궤，탑건시험계통，대해석모형진행험증。결과표명：증대탄성방대기여압전현비량적강도비화질량비이급감소탄성방대기여압전현비량적조니비가이제고능량채집기적전환효솔화공작빈대。
In order to improve the energy transferring efficiency and the operating frequency bandwidth, focusing on a type of broadband piezoelectric cantilever vibration energy harvester (B-PCVEH) with an elastic magnifier (EM), an improved lumped parameter coupled electromechanical model of the B-PCVEH is proposed. The model equivalent parameters are determined though the energy conversion principle and the curve fitting method by considering a correction factor and the shape information of the cantilever, and then the governing equations of motion, the frequency function and the electrical output power of B-PCVEH are derived according to the mechanics and electronics equilibrium principles. The effects of the structural parameters (such as mass ratio, stiffness ration, and damping ratio and load resistance) on the frequency performance, the vibration performance and the electric output performance of the B-PCVEH are researched by numerical simulations. The prototype of the B-PCVEH and the experiment setup are developed, and the accuracy of the output performance in the numerical solutions is identified from the experimental results. A reasonable agreement is found between the numerical results and the experimental results. The results show that larger mass and stiffness ratios and smaller damping ratio of the EM and the cantilever piezoelectric beam are helpful to improve the energy transferring efficiency and the frequency bandwidth of the B-PCVEH.
