CAJ | 학술논문

为了研究冷敏果实在低温逆境下的抗寒性强弱，该试验以西葫芦和黄瓜为研究对象，通过测定在不同低温下（2、8、12、20℃）贮藏2、4、6、8、10、12 d过程中电解质外渗率的变化，分析不同贮藏温度及时间、成熟期、渗透时间、计量单位对试验结果的影响，配合Logistic方程建立回归方程，确定其低温半致死温度，以此来判定不同品种冷敏果实抗寒性强弱。结果表明，当渗透时间达到90 min时，电解质外渗率达到稳定状态。贮藏温度越低，贮藏时间越长，电解质外渗率越大。同时分别确定了西葫芦（5.37～6.56℃）、津优黄瓜（6.69～7.86℃）、申青黄瓜（8.04～8.96℃）的半致死温度，电解质外渗率的变化规律符合Logistic方程，决定系数R2在0.9549～0.9900范围内，抗寒性顺序依次为西葫芦、津优黄瓜、申青黄瓜，且与成熟期无明显相关性。研究结果为判定不同品种西葫芦和黄瓜抗寒性强弱提供重要的依据。
위료연구랭민과실재저온역경하적항한성강약，해시험이서호호화황과위연구대상，통과측정재불동저온하（2、8、12、20℃）저장2、4、6、8、10、12 d과정중전해질외삼솔적변화，분석불동저장온도급시간、성숙기、삼투시간、계량단위대시험결과적영향，배합Logistic방정건립회귀방정，학정기저온반치사온도，이차래판정불동품충랭민과실항한성강약。결과표명，당삼투시간체도90 min시，전해질외삼솔체도은정상태。저장온도월저，저장시간월장，전해질외삼솔월대。동시분별학정료서호호（5.37～6.56℃）、진우황과（6.69～7.86℃）、신청황과（8.04～8.96℃）적반치사온도，전해질외삼솔적변화규률부합Logistic방정，결정계수R2재0.9549～0.9900범위내，항한성순서의차위서호호、진우황과、신청황과，차여성숙기무명현상관성。연구결과위판정불동품충서호호화황과항한성강약제공중요적의거。
The present study was undertaken to investigate cold-sensitive fruits’ cold resistance at low temperatures. Squash and cucumber were two typical kinds of cold-sensitive fruits, and they were very sensitive to low temperatures and easily suffered from chilling injury for inappropriate cold storage. Therefore, the research took squash, Jinyou cucumber and Shenqing cucumber as samples, and analyzed the changes of electrolyte leakage rate at different low temperatures (2, 8, 12 and 20℃) for different days (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 d). Because the changes in cell membrane permeability were significantly earlier than other chilling injury symptoms, such as the index of internal browning, but the changes between different varieties of cold-sensitive fruits were not always the same. That was the reason why the research took two different kinds of cucumbers as samples. The electrolyte leakage rate was often taken to identify cold-sensitive fruit’s cold resistance. In addition, it has achieved some progress and breakthroughs at home and abroad in resent years. The electrolyte leakage rate was tested and documented every two days. Storage temperature and time, maturity, penetration time, measurement unit were considered as major influential factors on the research for electrolyte leakage rate. Among all the factors, penetration time and measurement unit were the most innovative and unique ones. Semi-lethal temperatures were determined by the logistic equation and they were taken as the important basis to judge whether cold-sensitive fruits suffered from chilling injury or not and the order of cold resistance. The result showed that the electrolyte leakage rate achieved stable when penetration time reached 90 minutes. At the same storage temperature, for the growth of the electrolyte leakage rate, there was little difference between the two varieties. With the extension of the storage time, the growth of the electrolyte leakage rate increased and showed significant difference (P<0.05). At the end of the storage time, the growth of the electrolyte leakage rate became stabilized, indicating that the cell membrane permeability had been completely destroyed at this moment. That was to say, the lower the storage temperature, the longer the storage time, the higher the electrolyte leakage rate, the worse the fruits’ quality. Meanwhile, semi-lethal temperature of squash was between 5.37-6.56℃, Jinyou cucumber was between 6.69-7.86℃ and Shenqing cucumber was between 8.04-8.96℃. That was to say, these cold-sensitive fruits would have maintained a high quality when they were stored at this temperature range. They were confirmed individually and accurately. The tendency of the electrolyte leakage rate followed the Logistic equation and had a linear relationship with semi-lethal temperature. The result of semi-lethal temperature showed significant difference between different varieties, with the extension of duration time at low temperatures, the value of semi-lethal temperature increased and had a positive correlation with the duration time (P<0.05). The order of cold-sensitive fruit’s cold resistance from high to low was squash, Jinyou cucumber, Shenqing cucumber and it had no significant relationship with fruits’ maturity.