CAJ | 학술논문

为实现基于动态过程模型的控制，提高平地机调平控制系统控制精度和稳定性，该文建立平地机调平系统动力学模型。水田激光平地机调平系统是一种典型的机械电控液压一体化结构，该文建立其从比例阀输入电流至平地铲水平倾角的动力学模型。首先根据平地机调平物理系统结构与工作原理，在简化和假定条件下，建立平地机调平系统受力分析图，以此分析和建立基于微分-代数方程的动力学模型，即DAE（differential-algebraic equations）模型。通过求解DAE模型，得出输入电流与输出平地铲角度的仿真结果，并用试验方法将仿真结果与实际结果对比来验证模型。结果表明该文提出的系统模型能较好地描述平地机调平系统动态响应。该文提出的研究方法不仅对不同机型的平地机机械设计与控制系统设计有指导意义，还对其他机电液一体的农机作业机械动力学建模与试验验证提供参考。
위실현기우동태과정모형적공제，제고평지궤조평공제계통공제정도화은정성，해문건립평지궤조평계통동역학모형。수전격광평지궤조평계통시일충전형적궤계전공액압일체화결구，해문건립기종비례벌수입전류지평지산수평경각적동역학모형。수선근거평지궤조평물리계통결구여공작원리，재간화화가정조건하，건립평지궤조평계통수력분석도，이차분석화건립기우미분-대수방정적동역학모형，즉DAE（differential-algebraic equations）모형。통과구해DAE모형，득출수입전류여수출평지산각도적방진결과，병용시험방법장방진결과여실제결과대비래험증모형。결과표명해문제출적계통모형능교호지묘술평지궤조평계통동태향응。해문제출적연구방법불부대불동궤형적평지궤궤계설계여공제계통설계유지도의의，환대기타궤전액일체적농궤작업궤계동역학건모여시험험증제공삼고。
Modern paddy rice planting requires the field with high smoothness since it is conducive to reducing water consumption and improving the crop yields. A paddy land leveler is a complex mechanical system connected to the tractor by hanging. With both plow leveling and working height adjustment mechanisms, the paddy land leveler can automatically adjust the height and leveling of the land-leveling plow to attain high paddy field flatness. In order to improve the control precision, stability and responsiveness of a laser leveler in varying paddy field environment, a dynamic model of the leveling system is proposed in this paper. Considering that the leveling system of paddy field laser leveler is a typical electro-hydro-mechanical system, the dynamic model takes the proportional valve’s solenoid current as the input, and the tilt of the plow as the output. Firstly, based on the electro-hydro-mechanical structure and the working principle of the paddy field leveler, an abstract, simplified dynamic model with the diagrams of force analysis is derived, which is composed of a hydraulic subsystem and a mechanical subsystem connected in series, and the hydraulic part generates hydraulic flow rate due to the proportional valve’s solenoid current, followed by the mechanical subsystem mainly consisting of a hydraulic cylinder, an installation platform and a plow. A series of differential algebraic equations (DAE) about the two subsystems are then proposed and analyzed based on the diagrams. A typical paddy field leveler is used to demonstrate how to numerically solve these DAEs, and various parameters of the subsystems like resonant frequency, viscosity coefficient of friction, rotation inertia and damping ratio are experimentally determined. Secondly, to verify the model, with the proportional valve’s solenoid current as the input and the tilt of the plow as the output, a sine signal response simulation is conducted, and a sine signal response experiment with the actual physical system is done, in which the input is also the proportional valve’s solenoid current and the output is the tilt of the plow. The simulation results are then compared with the experimental results of actual physical system. The actual physical system has time delay in the hydraulic system and a certain gap between the mechanicals, and therefore the simulation curve has a little difference from the empirical curve. Overall the experimental result shows that the model proposed behaves in good agreement with the actual tests though with some imperfections. The model represented by DAEs, the way to derive it and the way to numerically solve it, can be used for both hydro-mechanical design and control algorithm design for the leveler, and the modeling principles may be applied to the design of similar electro-hydro-mechanical agricultural operation machines.