农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2015年
7期
256-263
,共8页
周宁%郝晋珉%孟鹏%陈丽%洪舒蔓%穆哈拜提·帕热提
週寧%郝晉珉%孟鵬%陳麗%洪舒蔓%穆哈拜提·帕熱提
주저%학진민%맹붕%진려%홍서만%목합배제·파열제
农村地区%土地利用%优化%整治%农村居民点%结节性指数%场强模型%引力模型
農村地區%土地利用%優化%整治%農村居民點%結節性指數%場彊模型%引力模型
농촌지구%토지이용%우화%정치%농촌거민점%결절성지수%장강모형%인력모형
rural areas%land use%optimization%consolidation%rural residential area%nodality index%field-strength model%improved gravity model
为合理确定农村居民点的布局优化方向，科学指导土地整治和新农村建设中农村居民点的迁移合并实践，该文以河北省曲周县为例，从农村居民点自身发展条件和邻近居民点的空间相互作用关系2个角度，构建了以斑块为单元符合平原区特点的农村居民点结节性指数评价体系，利用多因素综合评价法测算了各农村居民点结节性指数值；利用引力模型确定了整理单元，总结出农村居民点间的4种空间相互作用关系，即串联型、并联型、聚合型、双核型；在此基础上，分别利用场强模型和引力模型将河北省曲周县242个主要农村居民点划分为城镇化型、重点发展型、规模控制型和迁移合并型，并有针对性的提出布局优化调控建议。研究结果符合曲周县实际情况，为当地农村居民点整理工作提供了依据，对黄淮海平原其他农区的农村居民点科学规划与布局有一定借鉴意义。
為閤理確定農村居民點的佈跼優化方嚮，科學指導土地整治和新農村建設中農村居民點的遷移閤併實踐，該文以河北省麯週縣為例，從農村居民點自身髮展條件和鄰近居民點的空間相互作用關繫2箇角度，構建瞭以斑塊為單元符閤平原區特點的農村居民點結節性指數評價體繫，利用多因素綜閤評價法測算瞭各農村居民點結節性指數值；利用引力模型確定瞭整理單元，總結齣農村居民點間的4種空間相互作用關繫，即串聯型、併聯型、聚閤型、雙覈型；在此基礎上，分彆利用場彊模型和引力模型將河北省麯週縣242箇主要農村居民點劃分為城鎮化型、重點髮展型、規模控製型和遷移閤併型，併有針對性的提齣佈跼優化調控建議。研究結果符閤麯週縣實際情況，為噹地農村居民點整理工作提供瞭依據，對黃淮海平原其他農區的農村居民點科學規劃與佈跼有一定藉鑒意義。
위합리학정농촌거민점적포국우화방향，과학지도토지정치화신농촌건설중농촌거민점적천이합병실천，해문이하북성곡주현위례，종농촌거민점자신발전조건화린근거민점적공간상호작용관계2개각도，구건료이반괴위단원부합평원구특점적농촌거민점결절성지수평개체계，이용다인소종합평개법측산료각농촌거민점결절성지수치；이용인력모형학정료정리단원，총결출농촌거민점간적4충공간상호작용관계，즉천련형、병련형、취합형、쌍핵형；재차기출상，분별이용장강모형화인력모형장하북성곡주현242개주요농촌거민점화분위성진화형、중점발전형、규모공제형화천이합병형，병유침대성적제출포국우화조공건의。연구결과부합곡주현실제정황，위당지농촌거민점정리공작제공료의거，대황회해평원기타농구적농촌거민점과학규화여포국유일정차감의의。
In order to provide the guidance for migration and combination in land consolidation and new rural construction, this paper analyzed layout optimization scheme of rural residential patches in Quzhou county, both in terms of rural residential patches’ development conditions and of spatial interaction between adjacent patches. Centrality index from Christaller’s Central Place Theory was employed to quantitatively calculate development conditions of rural residential patches. To achieve this, an evaluation index system which fitted the characteristics of Huang-Huai-Hai plain was built. The paper obtained the centrality indices of 247 main residential patches in Quzhou county using comprehensive judgment method of various factors, which derived from 342 administrative villages and consisted of 242 rural residential patches and 5 urban residential patches. The paper regarded the rural residential patches as the study units and merged the adjacent rural residents belonging to different administrative villages.. Then, field-strength was used to recognize the rural residential patches greatly influenced by cities and towns, and the improved gravity model was employed to find out the spatial interaction between rural residential patches. The 242 main rural residential patches were divided into 4 levels according to the values of centrality index, and most of high-level patches were located along arterial traffic and towns. Based on the higher value of field strength given by 5 urban residential patches, 21 rural residential patches were defined as urbanization-oriented type. In these rural residential patches, the second and third industry developed rapidly and employment structure changed gradually. The paper drew the largest gravity connection line between the patches, based on which the 59 consolidation units were confirmed and spatial interaction relationship was known. According to the characteristics of spatial organization between the patches in one unit, the paper recognized 4 types, including tandem type, parallel type, aggregation type and dual-core type. There were 21 out of 242 rural residential patches which were urbanization-oriented type, and the remaining rural residential patches were deeply divided into 3 types, including key development type, restricted expansion type and combined migration type, on the basis of centrality index of rural residential patches and spatial interaction between the patches. Finally, the paper put forward the policy suggestions aiming at every type of layout optimization. Quzhou county, Hebei province is located in the Heilonggang Basin of Huang-Huai-Hai plain. People living in the study area prefer to reside and gather together. For example, one rural residential patch from Henantuan town, had a population of 3.2 thousand. This rural residential patch was divided into 3 administrative villages, including 1st Malantou village, 2nd Malantou village and 3rd Malantou village. The paper eliminated the influence of administrative village boundary by taking rural residential patches as the research unit. This had implications for the study of rural resident layout in the other areas of Huang-Huai-Hai plain. The paper took both centrality index and spatial interaction into consideration when studying the layout optimization scheme in Quzhou county. However, the relationship between the two as well as different trip modes between urban residents and peasants, deserves further study.
