CAJ | 학술논문

为实现亚麻籽综合加工利用，以产自甘肃粗脂肪质量份数39.3%±0.25%的亚麻籽为研究对象，研究亚麻籽打磨脱胶提取亚麻籽胶粉，然后压榨制取亚麻籽油的联合加工工艺。利用自主研发的150型亚麻籽脱胶机，进行亚麻籽打磨脱胶试验，结果表明，该亚麻籽脱胶机稳定运行流量为40～220 kg/h，满负荷运行流量为220 kg/h，亚麻籽胶粉提取率为6.5%±0.3%，胶粉经脱脂后黏度为(5100±520)mPa·s，脱胶亚麻籽粗脂肪质量分数为41.62%±0.22%。脱胶亚麻籽榨油试验表明，采用兑饼压榨可实现脱胶亚麻籽稳定榨油，兑饼30%一次压榨饼粗脂肪质量分数为5.93%±0.13%，显著低于亚麻籽一次压榨饼和二次压榨饼的13.55%±0.18%（ P＜0.05）和8.11%±0.15%（ P＜0.05），亚麻籽脱胶后压榨出油率34.65%±0.43%，显著高于亚麻籽经2次压榨出油率之和33.94%±0.42%（P＜0.05）。通过对压榨亚麻籽油酸价、过氧化物值、不皂化物、天然维生素 E、植物甾醇指标检测对比，采用打磨的方法进行亚麻籽脱胶不会引起压榨油品质劣变。该文研究结果可为亚麻籽打磨脱胶-榨油加工提供参考。
위실현아마자종합가공이용，이산자감숙조지방질량빈수39.3%±0.25%적아마자위연구대상，연구아마자타마탈효제취아마자효분，연후압자제취아마자유적연합가공공예。이용자주연발적150형아마자탈효궤，진행아마자타마탈효시험，결과표명，해아마자탈효궤은정운행류량위40～220 kg/h，만부하운행류량위220 kg/h，아마자효분제취솔위6.5%±0.3%，효분경탈지후점도위(5100±520)mPa·s，탈효아마자조지방질량분수위41.62%±0.22%。탈효아마자자유시험표명，채용태병압자가실현탈효아마자은정자유，태병30%일차압자병조지방질량분수위5.93%±0.13%，현저저우아마자일차압자병화이차압자병적13.55%±0.18%（ P＜0.05）화8.11%±0.15%（ P＜0.05），아마자탈효후압자출유솔34.65%±0.43%，현저고우아마자경2차압자출유솔지화33.94%±0.42%（P＜0.05）。통과대압자아마자유산개、과양화물치、불조화물、천연유생소 E、식물치순지표검측대비，채용타마적방법진행아마자탈효불회인기압자유품질렬변。해문연구결과가위아마자타마탈효-자유가공제공삼고。
In the present, oil pressing is still the main process for extracting oil from flaxseed in China,but it cannot achieve efficient utilization of functional materials in flaxseed, such as flaxseed gum and lignin secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG). So a comprehensive process that produces multiple products from flaxseed needs to be developed. On the basis of the structural characteristics that the flaxseed gum is in the outermost layer of flaxseeds, the grinding degumming technology using high-speed rotating sand roller grind flaxseed surface is studied before in our laboratory. Model 150 flaxseed degumming machine was designed and manufactured according to this technology, it is composes of motor, sand roller, sieve, gum powder collector etc. Electronic motor is used in the machine to drive the sand roller with high-speed rotation inner the sieve to grind flaxseed, the gum powder flow out the sieve and is collected, the sand roller length and diameter is 800 and 146 mm, the cylindrical sieve diameter is 158 mm with uniform distribution ofΦ1.5 mm sieve size. In this paper, the feasibility of Model 150 flaxseed degumming machine was studied. Based on that, the research work of flaxseed degumming and oil pressing co-process was carried out with the commodity flaxseed from Gansu as the research material. The results showed that: the machine was able to obtain flaxseed gum-powder successfully when flaxseed flow rate was controlled at 40 to 220 kg/h. The rate of gum-powder grinded from flaxseed was 6.5%±0.3%. The viscosity of the defatted gum-powder was (5100 ± 520) mPa·s. The oil contents of flaxseed and the degummed flaxseed were 39.30%±0.25% and 41.62%±0.22%, respectively. By using the method of adding 30%flaxseed cake to degummed flaxseed, the oil of degummed flaxseed can be screw pressed successfully. The oil yield pressed from degummed flaxseed was 34.65%±0.43%, higher than that pressed twice from flaxseed (33.94% ± 0.43%)when the flaxseed was pressed with the screw pressing machine without degumming. By the combination of degumming and screw-pressing for flaxseed processing, two benefits were achieved, they were: increase number of products and high pressed oil yield. The research results can provide reference for flaxseed processing.