CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨以问题为基础的学习（problem-based learning， PBL）与传统教学（tradi-tional learning， TL）对学生长期记忆效果及临床实习能力的影响。方法选择上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院临床医学院2006、2007、2008级五年制本科学生共79人为研究对象。将其随机分为两组进行胸外科疾病食管癌教学改革，PBL组38人，TL组41人。通过两次考试评价，以及带教教师对学生的主观评价来评估教学效果。采用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析，考试成绩以x±s表示，组间比较行t检验；学生临床实习的主观印象评价结果采取等级秩和检验，检验水准α=0.05。结果6个月后进行的第二次考试中，PBL组学生平均成绩为（76.66±5.94）分，TL组平均成绩为（73.59±5.74）分，两组学生成绩比较差异无统计学意义（t=1.85，P=0.068）。而在临床实习阶段教师对学生各种能力的主观评价上，PBL组要稍好于TL组，其中获得优、良的两组学生人次和比例比较差异无统计学意义，P值分别为0.065、0.277。结论 PBL教学的优势是培养学生解决问题的能力，但是对学生的知识长期记忆效果影响有限。
목적：탐토이문제위기출적학습（problem-based learning， PBL）여전통교학（tradi-tional learning， TL）대학생장기기억효과급림상실습능력적영향。방법선택상해교통대학의학원부속제구인민의원림상의학원2006、2007、2008급오년제본과학생공79인위연구대상。장기수궤분위량조진행흉외과질병식관암교학개혁，PBL조38인，TL조41인。통과량차고시평개，이급대교교사대학생적주관평개래평고교학효과。채용SPSS 17.0진행통계분석，고시성적이x±s표시，조간비교행t검험；학생림상실습적주관인상평개결과채취등급질화검험，검험수준α=0.05。결과6개월후진행적제이차고시중，PBL조학생평균성적위（76.66±5.94）분，TL조평균성적위（73.59±5.74）분，량조학생성적비교차이무통계학의의（t=1.85，P=0.068）。이재림상실습계단교사대학생각충능력적주관평개상，PBL조요초호우TL조，기중획득우、량적량조학생인차화비례비교차이무통계학의의，P치분별위0.065、0.277。결론 PBL교학적우세시배양학생해결문제적능력，단시대학생적지식장기기억효과영향유한。
Objective To investigate effects of problem-based learning (PBL) and traditional learning (TL) on students' long-term memory and clinical practice ability. Methods Totally 79 5-year-program undergraduates of 2006, 2007, 2008 grade in school of clinical medicine of our hospital were randomly divided into PBL group (n=38) and TL group (n=41). The teaching effects were evaluated by two exams as well as teachers' subjective impression. SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis software was used;exam results were expressed as x±s; t test and rank sum test were used to analyze the exam results and subjective impression. α=0.05 was set as inspection level. Results In the second exam after 6 months, the mean exam scores were (76.66 ±5.94) and (73.59 ±5.74) in PBL group and TL group, without significant differences between the two groups (t=1.85, P=0.068). However, at clinical intern-ship stage, PBL group outperformed TL group based on the subjective evaluation (P=0.065, 0.277). Conclusion PBL can culture students' ability of problem-solving, but it is limited in culturing long-term memory.