中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2015年
15期
1786-1790
,共5页
养老机构%老年人%医疗服务%卫生服务需求
養老機構%老年人%醫療服務%衛生服務需求
양로궤구%노년인%의료복무%위생복무수구
Pension institution%Aged%Medical services%Health services needs and demand
目的:比较不同类型养老机构老年人医疗服务现状,分析老年人对医疗服务的需求,为合理配置卫生资源提供依据。方法2014年7—9月,采用分层随机抽样的方法在山东省抽取6个地级市37所不同类型的养老机构(公办公营、民办民营和公办民营),在各类型养老机构中采用随机数字表法抽取60岁及以上老年人1158例作为调查对象。自行设计《山东省养老机构老年人社会需求调查问卷》,包括一般情况、生活照料需求、健康需求、社会交往需求、心理归属、价值需求和养老机构基本信息7个项目。本研究选取的指标主要来源于一般情况、健康需求和养老机构基本信息3个项目。结果不同类型养老机构老年人的性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭经济状况、曾从事职业比较,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。152例(13.1%,152/1158)老年人所属养老机构未配备医务人员,其中7.0%(81/1158)是公办公营,3.7%(43/1158)是民办民营,2.4%(28/1158)是公办民营。40例(3.5%,40/1158)老年人所属养老机构未配备护理人员,其中2.2%(25/1158)是公办公营,1.3%(15/1158)是公办民营。不同类型养老机构医务人员、护理人员配备率比较,差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。公办公营养老机构医务人员、护理人员配备率低于民办民营、公办民营养老机构(P <0.05)。不同类型养老机构老年人过去1年内体检次数分布情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。体检需求:29.4%(340/1158)的老年人很希望体检,52.8%(612/1158)的老年人希望体检,17.8%(206/1158)的老年人表示不太关心。拿药地点:66.7%(772/1158)的老年人希望在养老机构内诊室拿药,33.3%(386/1158)的老年人希望在养老机构外的药房或医院拿药。住院地点:50.7%(587/1158)的老年人希望在养老机构内住院,49.3%(571/1158)的老年人希望在养老机构外的医院住院。结论医疗资源配置在不同类型养老机构间存在较大差异,但是在需求上的差异并不明显。养老机构应该以满足老年人的医疗服务需求为目标,实现“医养融合”发展。
目的:比較不同類型養老機構老年人醫療服務現狀,分析老年人對醫療服務的需求,為閤理配置衛生資源提供依據。方法2014年7—9月,採用分層隨機抽樣的方法在山東省抽取6箇地級市37所不同類型的養老機構(公辦公營、民辦民營和公辦民營),在各類型養老機構中採用隨機數字錶法抽取60歲及以上老年人1158例作為調查對象。自行設計《山東省養老機構老年人社會需求調查問捲》,包括一般情況、生活照料需求、健康需求、社會交往需求、心理歸屬、價值需求和養老機構基本信息7箇項目。本研究選取的指標主要來源于一般情況、健康需求和養老機構基本信息3箇項目。結果不同類型養老機構老年人的性彆、年齡、文化程度、婚姻狀況、傢庭經濟狀況、曾從事職業比較,差異均有統計學意義(P <0.05)。152例(13.1%,152/1158)老年人所屬養老機構未配備醫務人員,其中7.0%(81/1158)是公辦公營,3.7%(43/1158)是民辦民營,2.4%(28/1158)是公辦民營。40例(3.5%,40/1158)老年人所屬養老機構未配備護理人員,其中2.2%(25/1158)是公辦公營,1.3%(15/1158)是公辦民營。不同類型養老機構醫務人員、護理人員配備率比較,差異有統計學意義( P <0.05)。公辦公營養老機構醫務人員、護理人員配備率低于民辦民營、公辦民營養老機構(P <0.05)。不同類型養老機構老年人過去1年內體檢次數分佈情況比較,差異有統計學意義(P <0.05)。體檢需求:29.4%(340/1158)的老年人很希望體檢,52.8%(612/1158)的老年人希望體檢,17.8%(206/1158)的老年人錶示不太關心。拿藥地點:66.7%(772/1158)的老年人希望在養老機構內診室拿藥,33.3%(386/1158)的老年人希望在養老機構外的藥房或醫院拿藥。住院地點:50.7%(587/1158)的老年人希望在養老機構內住院,49.3%(571/1158)的老年人希望在養老機構外的醫院住院。結論醫療資源配置在不同類型養老機構間存在較大差異,但是在需求上的差異併不明顯。養老機構應該以滿足老年人的醫療服務需求為目標,實現“醫養融閤”髮展。
목적:비교불동류형양로궤구노년인의료복무현상,분석노년인대의료복무적수구,위합리배치위생자원제공의거。방법2014년7—9월,채용분층수궤추양적방법재산동성추취6개지급시37소불동류형적양로궤구(공판공영、민판민영화공판민영),재각류형양로궤구중채용수궤수자표법추취60세급이상노년인1158례작위조사대상。자행설계《산동성양로궤구노년인사회수구조사문권》,포괄일반정황、생활조료수구、건강수구、사회교왕수구、심리귀속、개치수구화양로궤구기본신식7개항목。본연구선취적지표주요래원우일반정황、건강수구화양로궤구기본신식3개항목。결과불동류형양로궤구노년인적성별、년령、문화정도、혼인상황、가정경제상황、증종사직업비교,차이균유통계학의의(P <0.05)。152례(13.1%,152/1158)노년인소속양로궤구미배비의무인원,기중7.0%(81/1158)시공판공영,3.7%(43/1158)시민판민영,2.4%(28/1158)시공판민영。40례(3.5%,40/1158)노년인소속양로궤구미배비호리인원,기중2.2%(25/1158)시공판공영,1.3%(15/1158)시공판민영。불동류형양로궤구의무인원、호리인원배비솔비교,차이유통계학의의( P <0.05)。공판공영양로궤구의무인원、호리인원배비솔저우민판민영、공판민영양로궤구(P <0.05)。불동류형양로궤구노년인과거1년내체검차수분포정황비교,차이유통계학의의(P <0.05)。체검수구:29.4%(340/1158)적노년인흔희망체검,52.8%(612/1158)적노년인희망체검,17.8%(206/1158)적노년인표시불태관심。나약지점:66.7%(772/1158)적노년인희망재양로궤구내진실나약,33.3%(386/1158)적노년인희망재양로궤구외적약방혹의원나약。주원지점:50.7%(587/1158)적노년인희망재양로궤구내주원,49.3%(571/1158)적노년인희망재양로궤구외적의원주원。결론의료자원배치재불동류형양로궤구간존재교대차이,단시재수구상적차이병불명현。양로궤구응해이만족노년인적의료복무수구위목표,실현“의양융합”발전。
Objectjve To optimize the health resource allocation by investigating their medical services status and demands. Methods From July to September 2014,1 158 elderly people aged 60 or elder from 37 pension institutions in Shandong province were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. Self - designed questionnaire included seven items:general information,life care demands,health demands,social interaction demands,psychological ownership,value demands and pension institutions′ basic information. This study selected indicators mainly concentrated on general information,health demands and pension institutions′ basic information. Results The results showed that the elderly in different kinds of pension institutions presented statistically significant differences in gender,age,educational level,marital status,family economic status and career before retire(P < 0. 05). 152(13. 1% )of the 1 158 had no medical staff,detailed as:state - owned state- run institutions(81 / 1 158,7. 0% ),civilian - owned civilian - run institutions(43 / 1 158,3. 7% )and state - owned civilian - run institutions(28 / 1 158,2. 4% ). 40(3. 5% )cases of pension institutions had no nursing staff,presented as state - owned state - run institutions(25 / 1 158,2. 2% ),and state - owned civilian - run institutions(15 / 1 158,1. 3% )in detail. There were significant statistically differences between different kinds of pension institutions in the ratios of medical staff and nursing staff(P < 0. 05). The ratios of medical staff and nursing staff in state - owned state - run institutions were significantly lower than those in both civilian - owned civilian - run institutions and state - owned civilian - run institutions(P < 0. 05). The annual health examination times in different kinds of pension institutions exhibited remarkable difference(P < 0. 05). Health examination demands:29. 4% ( 340 / 1 158 )of the elderly held strong expectation,52. 8% ( 612 / 1 158 )of them held moderate expectation,as well as 17. 8% (206 / 1 158)of them were not concerned about it. Drug - picking location:66. 7%(772 / 1 158)of the elderly hoped to buy medicine in the institutions,the rest 33. 3% (386 / 1 158)hoped to buy medicine out of institutions. Hospitalization location:50. 7% (587 / 1 158)of the elderly hoped to be hospitalized in the institutions,the rest 49. 3% (571 / 1 158)hoped to be hospitalized out of the institutions. Conclusjon There was significant statistically difference between different kinds of pension institutions in medical resource distribution, but the differences in demands was not obvious. The pension institutions should combining medical care and nursing to meet the medical services demands of the elderly.