中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2015年
13期
1523-1527
,共5页
纵蒙蒙%杨辉军%方能圆%徐辉%巢健茜%杨靓%陈黄慧%吴振春
縱矇矇%楊輝軍%方能圓%徐輝%巢健茜%楊靚%陳黃慧%吳振春
종몽몽%양휘군%방능원%서휘%소건천%양정%진황혜%오진춘
老年人%慢性病%生命质量%影响因素分析
老年人%慢性病%生命質量%影響因素分析
노년인%만성병%생명질량%영향인소분석
Aged%Chronic disease%Quality of life%Root cause analysis
目的：了解老年慢性病患者的生命质量，并探讨其影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样法，选取2013年3—12月在南京市秦淮医院进行体检的老年人1454名。按是否患有慢性病，将其分为慢性病组和无慢性病组。采用本课题组前期研究制定的生命质量评价量表对2组老年人的生命质量进行评价，分析老年慢性病患者生命质量的影响因素。结果老年人的慢性病患病率为72.2%（1050/1454）。老年慢性病患者的躯体机能、情绪性格、社会适应及总体健康得分与无慢性病老年人比较，差异有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）；生活自理和记忆功能得分与无慢性病老年人比较，差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）。患有高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高血脂及白内障的老年人，其总体健康得分与未患该病的老年人比较，差异有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）。年龄、饮酒情况及退休前职业对老年慢性病患者躯体机能得分的影响有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）；年龄和学历对老年慢性病患者生活自理得分的影响有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）；退休前职业和居住状况对老年慢性病患者情绪性格得分的影响有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）；年龄和居住状况对老年慢性病患者记忆功能得分的影响有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）；退休前职业、居住状况、学历及年龄对老年慢性病患者社会适应得分的影响有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）；年龄、居住状况、饮酒情况及学历对老年慢性病患者总体健康得分的影响有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。结论老年慢性病患者的生命质量较差，影响因素主要包括年龄、学历、退休前职业、居住状况及饮酒情况，加强慢性病的防治是提高其生命质量的重要途径。
目的：瞭解老年慢性病患者的生命質量，併探討其影響因素。方法採用整群隨機抽樣法，選取2013年3—12月在南京市秦淮醫院進行體檢的老年人1454名。按是否患有慢性病，將其分為慢性病組和無慢性病組。採用本課題組前期研究製定的生命質量評價量錶對2組老年人的生命質量進行評價，分析老年慢性病患者生命質量的影響因素。結果老年人的慢性病患病率為72.2%（1050/1454）。老年慢性病患者的軀體機能、情緒性格、社會適應及總體健康得分與無慢性病老年人比較，差異有統計學意義（ P﹤0.05）；生活自理和記憶功能得分與無慢性病老年人比較，差異無統計學意義（P﹥0.05）。患有高血壓、糖尿病、冠心病、高血脂及白內障的老年人，其總體健康得分與未患該病的老年人比較，差異有統計學意義（ P﹤0.05）。年齡、飲酒情況及退休前職業對老年慢性病患者軀體機能得分的影響有統計學意義（P﹤0.05）；年齡和學歷對老年慢性病患者生活自理得分的影響有統計學意義（P﹤0.05）；退休前職業和居住狀況對老年慢性病患者情緒性格得分的影響有統計學意義（ P﹤0.05）；年齡和居住狀況對老年慢性病患者記憶功能得分的影響有統計學意義（ P﹤0.05）；退休前職業、居住狀況、學歷及年齡對老年慢性病患者社會適應得分的影響有統計學意義（P﹤0.05）；年齡、居住狀況、飲酒情況及學歷對老年慢性病患者總體健康得分的影響有統計學意義（P﹤0.05）。結論老年慢性病患者的生命質量較差，影響因素主要包括年齡、學歷、退休前職業、居住狀況及飲酒情況，加彊慢性病的防治是提高其生命質量的重要途徑。
목적：료해노년만성병환자적생명질량，병탐토기영향인소。방법채용정군수궤추양법，선취2013년3—12월재남경시진회의원진행체검적노년인1454명。안시부환유만성병，장기분위만성병조화무만성병조。채용본과제조전기연구제정적생명질량평개량표대2조노년인적생명질량진행평개，분석노년만성병환자생명질량적영향인소。결과노년인적만성병환병솔위72.2%（1050/1454）。노년만성병환자적구체궤능、정서성격、사회괄응급총체건강득분여무만성병노년인비교，차이유통계학의의（ P﹤0.05）；생활자리화기억공능득분여무만성병노년인비교，차이무통계학의의（P﹥0.05）。환유고혈압、당뇨병、관심병、고혈지급백내장적노년인，기총체건강득분여미환해병적노년인비교，차이유통계학의의（ P﹤0.05）。년령、음주정황급퇴휴전직업대노년만성병환자구체궤능득분적영향유통계학의의（P﹤0.05）；년령화학력대노년만성병환자생활자리득분적영향유통계학의의（P﹤0.05）；퇴휴전직업화거주상황대노년만성병환자정서성격득분적영향유통계학의의（ P﹤0.05）；년령화거주상황대노년만성병환자기억공능득분적영향유통계학의의（ P﹤0.05）；퇴휴전직업、거주상황、학력급년령대노년만성병환자사회괄응득분적영향유통계학의의（P﹤0.05）；년령、거주상황、음주정황급학력대노년만성병환자총체건강득분적영향유통계학의의（P﹤0.05）。결론노년만성병환자적생명질량교차，영향인소주요포괄년령、학력、퇴휴전직업、거주상황급음주정황，가강만성병적방치시제고기생명질량적중요도경。
Objective To investigate the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases,and to explore its influencing factors. Methods We recruited 1 454 elderly people who received physical examination in Nanjing Qinhuai Hospital from March to December in 2013 using cluster random sampling method and allocated them into chronic -disease group and non-chronic-disease group. A self - designed evaluation scale was used to assess the quality of life of the subjects. The influencing factors for the quality of life of the elderly with chronic diseases were examined. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases in the subjects was 72. 2% ( 1 050/1 454 ) . The two groups were significantly different ( P ﹤0. 05 ) in physical function,disposition and personality,social adaptability and score of overall health and were not significantly different ( P ﹥0. 05) in self - care ability and memory function. The subjects with hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia and cataracts were significantly different ( P ﹤0. 05 ) from the subjects without those diseases in the score of overall health. For the elderly with chronic diseases,the impact of age,alcohol consumption and pre -retirement career on physical function was statistically significant(P﹤0. 05);the influence of age and education background on self-care ability was statistically significant ( P ﹤0. 05 );the impact of pre - retirement career and living condition on the disposition and personality was statistically significant(P﹤0. 05);the influence of age and living condition on memory function was statistically significant( P﹤ 0. 05 );the impact of pre - retirement career, living condition, education background and age on social adaptability was statistically significant(P ﹤0. 05);the impact of age,living condition,alcohol consumption and education background on the score of overall health was statistically significant ( P ﹤0. 05 ) . Conclusion The elderly with chronic diseases have poorer quality of life. The influencing factors include age,education background,pre-retirement career,living condition and alcohol consumption. An important way to improve the quality of life of the elderly with chronic diseases is to strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.
