CAJ | 학술논문

“反思性实践”是一种对学术与实践间的关系重新进行审视与评估的新的“实践认识论”。它有两个基本观点：一个是“在行动中认识”，一个是“在行动中反思”。该文从反思性实践的认识论出发，对教学设计实践进行了审视，对教学设计人员的培养进行了反思。笔者认为教学设计解决的是复杂教学情境中的非良构问题，这决定了在设计教学的“行动”中对非良构问题的“认识”必将如影随形。以此为基础，在设计过程中与设计及教学情境展开的反思性对话，以及对问题建构、行动策略或现象模型进行的反思，使教学设计的实践走向“在行动中反思”的实践。从反思性实践的认识论出发来考察教学设计人员的成长，可以发现技术理性主导下的传统培养模式培养出来的教学设计人员无法有效应对复杂现实，而未来教学设计人员培养需要建立“反思性实践者”这一新的职业身份，造就作为反思性实践者的教学设计人员。
“반사성실천”시일충대학술여실천간적관계중신진행심시여평고적신적“실천인식론”。타유량개기본관점：일개시“재행동중인식”，일개시“재행동중반사”。해문종반사성실천적인식론출발，대교학설계실천진행료심시，대교학설계인원적배양진행료반사。필자인위교학설계해결적시복잡교학정경중적비량구문제，저결정료재설계교학적“행동”중대비량구문제적“인식”필장여영수형。이차위기출，재설계과정중여설계급교학정경전개적반사성대화，이급대문제건구、행동책략혹현상모형진행적반사，사교학설계적실천주향“재행동중반사”적실천。종반사성실천적인식론출발래고찰교학설계인원적성장，가이발현기술이성주도하적전통배양모식배양출래적교학설계인원무법유효응대복잡현실，이미래교학설계인원배양수요건립“반사성실천자”저일신적직업신빈，조취작위반사성실천자적교학설계인원。
Reflective practice is a new epistemology of practice advocated by Donald Sch?n in order to blur the line between scholarship and practice through two fundamental claims including knowing-in-action and relfection-in-action. In this article, the authors explore the practice of instructional design and the development of instructional designers from the perspective of relfective practice. They argue that instructional design is a process of knowing-in-action and relfection-in-action, and can be described as a reflective conversation with the material of a design situation, since it situates in real-world and intends to solve ill-structured problem. The training of instructional designer is dominated by technical rationality and the trained instructional designer cannot manage the complexities in practice. As the new epistemology of relfective practice becomes more established in the ifeld, the new professional identity of instructional designer as a relfective practitioner has to be developed.