生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2015年
3期
378-386
,共9页
兴安落叶松林%CO2%CH4%N2O%不同经营方式%不同生境
興安落葉鬆林%CO2%CH4%N2O%不同經營方式%不同生境
흥안락협송림%CO2%CH4%N2O%불동경영방식%불동생경
Larix gmelinii forest%CO2%CH4%N2O%different forest management%different habitat
为了确定不同森林经营利用方式（原始林、皆伐林、渐伐林）及不同生境（有林地、无林地、湿地）对于森林土壤-大气主要温室气体通量的影响，于2013年生长盛季（7─8月），在内蒙古大兴安岭兴安落叶松（Larix gmelinii）林区选取了16块样地，采用静态箱/气相色谱法进行了土壤-大气温室气体通量的原位观测。气体监测的同时，测定了土壤湿度和各层土壤温度以及各样地土壤的物理、化学性质。实验结果表明：大兴安岭兴安落叶松林区生长盛季 CH4通量平均值为C(-133.6±62.3)μg·m-2·h-1。沼泽湿地（PD2和PD7）CH4表现为释放，CH4通量平均值为C(130.0±41.0)μg·m-2·h-1，其它14个样地土壤CH4为吸收，吸收通量变化范围为C(-242.0~-42.6)μg·m-2·h-1，变异系数为47%。所有样地CO2的地-气通量变化范围是 C(94.9~1164.0)μg·m-2·h-1，平均值为 C(671.3±324.3)μg·m-2·h-1，变异系数是48%。所有样地 N2O 通量的范围是N(1.2~21.6)μg·m-2·h-1，平均值为N(7.3±6.1)μg·m-2·h-1，变异系数为84%。通过数据分析显示，大兴安岭林区生长盛季不同经营方式及不同生境对森林土壤-大气CH4、CO2、N2O通量均无显著相关性。CH4通量与土壤各层温度及各层湿度并未发现有显著相关性，仅显示CH4通量与土壤有机质（SOC）呈正相关关系、土壤全氮（TN）呈负相关关系；CO2通量与土壤5 cm处温度显著相关（P=0.0423），与土壤0 cm及10 cm处温度无显著相关性，CO2通量与土壤各层温度呈正相关关系，与腐殖质层、0~10 cm以及10~20 cm土壤湿度呈负相关关系，与SOC、TN呈负相关关系；N2O通量与土壤各层温度、湿度及SOC均呈正相关关系，与TN呈负相关关系。
為瞭確定不同森林經營利用方式（原始林、皆伐林、漸伐林）及不同生境（有林地、無林地、濕地）對于森林土壤-大氣主要溫室氣體通量的影響，于2013年生長盛季（7─8月），在內矇古大興安嶺興安落葉鬆（Larix gmelinii）林區選取瞭16塊樣地，採用靜態箱/氣相色譜法進行瞭土壤-大氣溫室氣體通量的原位觀測。氣體鑑測的同時，測定瞭土壤濕度和各層土壤溫度以及各樣地土壤的物理、化學性質。實驗結果錶明：大興安嶺興安落葉鬆林區生長盛季 CH4通量平均值為C(-133.6±62.3)μg·m-2·h-1。沼澤濕地（PD2和PD7）CH4錶現為釋放，CH4通量平均值為C(130.0±41.0)μg·m-2·h-1，其它14箇樣地土壤CH4為吸收，吸收通量變化範圍為C(-242.0~-42.6)μg·m-2·h-1，變異繫數為47%。所有樣地CO2的地-氣通量變化範圍是 C(94.9~1164.0)μg·m-2·h-1，平均值為 C(671.3±324.3)μg·m-2·h-1，變異繫數是48%。所有樣地 N2O 通量的範圍是N(1.2~21.6)μg·m-2·h-1，平均值為N(7.3±6.1)μg·m-2·h-1，變異繫數為84%。通過數據分析顯示，大興安嶺林區生長盛季不同經營方式及不同生境對森林土壤-大氣CH4、CO2、N2O通量均無顯著相關性。CH4通量與土壤各層溫度及各層濕度併未髮現有顯著相關性，僅顯示CH4通量與土壤有機質（SOC）呈正相關關繫、土壤全氮（TN）呈負相關關繫；CO2通量與土壤5 cm處溫度顯著相關（P=0.0423），與土壤0 cm及10 cm處溫度無顯著相關性，CO2通量與土壤各層溫度呈正相關關繫，與腐殖質層、0~10 cm以及10~20 cm土壤濕度呈負相關關繫，與SOC、TN呈負相關關繫；N2O通量與土壤各層溫度、濕度及SOC均呈正相關關繫，與TN呈負相關關繫。
위료학정불동삼림경영이용방식（원시림、개벌림、점벌림）급불동생경（유임지、무임지、습지）대우삼림토양-대기주요온실기체통량적영향，우2013년생장성계（7─8월），재내몽고대흥안령흥안락협송（Larix gmelinii）림구선취료16괴양지，채용정태상/기상색보법진행료토양-대기온실기체통량적원위관측。기체감측적동시，측정료토양습도화각층토양온도이급각양지토양적물리、화학성질。실험결과표명：대흥안령흥안락협송림구생장성계 CH4통량평균치위C(-133.6±62.3)μg·m-2·h-1。소택습지（PD2화PD7）CH4표현위석방，CH4통량평균치위C(130.0±41.0)μg·m-2·h-1，기타14개양지토양CH4위흡수，흡수통량변화범위위C(-242.0~-42.6)μg·m-2·h-1，변이계수위47%。소유양지CO2적지-기통량변화범위시 C(94.9~1164.0)μg·m-2·h-1，평균치위 C(671.3±324.3)μg·m-2·h-1，변이계수시48%。소유양지 N2O 통량적범위시N(1.2~21.6)μg·m-2·h-1，평균치위N(7.3±6.1)μg·m-2·h-1，변이계수위84%。통과수거분석현시，대흥안령림구생장성계불동경영방식급불동생경대삼림토양-대기CH4、CO2、N2O통량균무현저상관성。CH4통량여토양각층온도급각층습도병미발현유현저상관성，부현시CH4통량여토양유궤질（SOC）정정상관관계、토양전담（TN）정부상관관계；CO2통량여토양5 cm처온도현저상관（P=0.0423），여토양0 cm급10 cm처온도무현저상관성，CO2통량여토양각층온도정정상관관계，여부식질층、0~10 cm이급10~20 cm토양습도정부상관관계，여SOC、TN정부상관관계；N2O통량여토양각층온도、습도급SOC균정정상관관계，여TN정부상관관계。
In order to identify the effects of different forest management (virgin forest, clear-cutting forest and successive cutting forest) and topographic conditions (forestland, non-forest land, marshland) on soil-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes of soil cores from 16 representative sites were determined in situ of Larix gmelinii Forest of Inner Mongolia, and the relative soil properties such as soil moisture, soil temperature in each soil layer was measured simultaneously. The soil average CH4fluxes in the thriving growing season was (-133.6±62.3)μg·m-2·h-1. Strong CH4 emission was found in two wetlands (PD2 and PD7), whereas CH4 showed soil sink in other 14 sample sites, with a range from -242.0 to -42.6μg·m-2·h-1 and CV of 47%.CO2 emissions from all sites ranged from 94.9 to 1164.0μg C·m-2·h-1, with a mean value of (671.3±324.3)μg C·m-2·h-1 and a CV of 48%. Soil N2O emissions across all of the investigated sites ranged from 1.2 to 21.6μg N·m-2·h-1, with a mean of (7.3±6.1)μg N·m-2·h-1 and a CV of 84%. Different forest management and different habitats have no obvious effects on soil N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes. There is no correlation was found between soil CH4 flux and soil temperature and soil moisture at each depths, but CH4 flux is positively correlated with soc, but negatively with soil TN. CO2 flux is negatively related with soil moisture in each layer, and positively correlated with soil temperature at 5 cm depth(P=0.0423). Positive correlation was found between N2O flux and soil moisture, temperature, and SOC, but negatively with soil TN.
