CAJ | 학술논문

利用环保部门的API、PM10数据和气象部门的能见度、相对湿度等相关数据，分析了2011─2013年西北干旱区（包括新疆、甘肃、内蒙古PM监测站点分别19个、5个、13个）PM10浓度的空间分布特征和时间变化特征，并以新疆为例，研究了其PM10浓度特征及其与水平能见度（包括全部天气条件和晴空条件，以及干能见度、干消光系数）的关系，以期了解西北干旱区的PM10浓度状况，为有效控制PM10污染提供科学依据。结果表明，（1）2011─2013年，整个西北干旱区的PM10浓度存在明显的区域差异，新疆的PM10浓度明显高于甘肃、内蒙古，且新疆和甘肃大部分城市的PM10浓度已超过国家二级质量标准。就季节分布而言，整个西北干旱区冬春季PM10浓度相对较高，秋季次之，夏季最低。（2）2011─2013年，西北干旱区绝大多数城市的 PM10浓度月变化波动都比较大，波动曲线基本呈现出“M”型、“U”型、“N”型和“n”型4种。（3）PM10浓度与水平能见度呈负相关关系。为了降低分析误差，我们将PM10数值以100μg·m-3为步长进行了分组，分析了 PM10浓度距平与水平能见度的关系，得出当 PM10浓度为负距平时，能见度距平多为正值，且对应的水平能见度比相应气象条件下的平均值高，而当PM10浓度为正距平时，能见度距平多为负值，且对应的水平能见度比相应气象条件下的平均值低。
이용배보부문적API、PM10수거화기상부문적능견도、상대습도등상관수거，분석료2011─2013년서북간한구（포괄신강、감숙、내몽고PM감측참점분별19개、5개、13개）PM10농도적공간분포특정화시간변화특정，병이신강위례，연구료기PM10농도특정급기여수평능견도（포괄전부천기조건화청공조건，이급간능견도、간소광계수）적관계，이기료해서북간한구적PM10농도상황，위유효공제PM10오염제공과학의거。결과표명，（1）2011─2013년，정개서북간한구적PM10농도존재명현적구역차이，신강적PM10농도명현고우감숙、내몽고，차신강화감숙대부분성시적PM10농도이초과국가이급질량표준。취계절분포이언，정개서북간한구동춘계PM10농도상대교고，추계차지，하계최저。（2）2011─2013년，서북간한구절대다수성시적 PM10농도월변화파동도비교대，파동곡선기본정현출“M”형、“U”형、“N”형화“n”형4충。（3）PM10농도여수평능견도정부상관관계。위료강저분석오차，아문장PM10수치이100μg·m-3위보장진행료분조，분석료 PM10농도거평여수평능견도적관계，득출당 PM10농도위부거평시，능견도거평다위정치，차대응적수평능견도비상응기상조건하적평균치고，이당PM10농도위정거평시，능견도거평다위부치，차대응적수평능견도비상응기상조건하적평균치저。
By using the API, PM10 data from meteorological departments and the visibility, humidity data from environmental departments, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of 19, 5, 13 PM monitoring stations in Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia in arid northwest China in 2011─2013 is analyzed respectively. The relationship between PM10 concentration and horizontal visibility(including all weather and clear sky, dry visibility and dry extinction coefficient)) in Xinjiang is researched, to realize PM10 concentration situation in arid northwest China and to provide a scientific basis to control PM10 pollution. The results show that: (1)From 2011─2013, there are obvious differences in PM10 concentration over the whole arid northwest China, and the PM10 concentration in Xinjiang is significantly higher than in Gansu, Inner Mongolia. The PM10 concentration of the most cities in Xinjiang and Gansu has already exceeded the national quality standards grade 2. In terms of the seasonal distribution, the PM10 concentration in spring and winter is relatively higher than in autumn over the whole arid northwest China, and in summer the lowest. (2)From 2011─2013, the PM10 concentration monthly variability fluctuations of the most cities in arid northwest China are large, and the fluctuation curves are “M”, “U”, “N” and “n”, respectively. (3) PM10 concentration is negatively correlated with the level of horizontal visibility. To reduce the analytical deviation, PM10data is grouped by 100μg·m-3 step, and the relationship between PM10 concentration anomaly and horizontal visibility anomaly is analyzed. Visibility anomaly shows positive value if PM10 concentration is negative anomaly, and the horizontal visibility is higher than mean value under the correspondingly appropriate weather conditions. Visibility anomaly shows negative value if PM10 concentration is positive anomaly, and the horizontal visibility is lower than mean value under the correspondingly appropriate weather conditions.