昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）
昆明理工大學學報（社會科學版）
곤명리공대학학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY(SOCIAL SCIENCES)
2015年
2期
1-7
,共7页
人体器官交易%合法化%身体%身体伦理%身体尊严
人體器官交易%閤法化%身體%身體倫理%身體尊嚴
인체기관교역%합법화%신체%신체윤리%신체존엄
human organ trade%legalization%human body%body ethics%body dignity
19至20世纪，经尼采、福柯、梅洛-庞蒂等思想家的努力，长期被遮蔽、被规训的身体，终于觉醒并恢复了其之于人的主体性地位。然而，猖獗的地下器官交易黑市却让人的身体陷入可被随意肢解和买卖的困境。针对此，部分人提出了“人体器官交易合法化”的主张，认为这是解决器官资源短缺、消灭地下黑市、维护器官交易双方利益的不二之选。但是，从身体伦理视角来审视，人体器官不具备商品的根本属性，漠视了供体的身体健康及身体权，对公民身体权处置不当，所以“人体器官交易合法化”绝非良策。解决这一难题，重点是要完善器官捐献体系，确保器官资源分配的公开、公正与透明，加强身体伦理教育，促使公众树立正确的身体观。
19至20世紀，經尼採、福柯、梅洛-龐蒂等思想傢的努力，長期被遮蔽、被規訓的身體，終于覺醒併恢複瞭其之于人的主體性地位。然而，猖獗的地下器官交易黑市卻讓人的身體陷入可被隨意肢解和買賣的睏境。針對此，部分人提齣瞭“人體器官交易閤法化”的主張，認為這是解決器官資源短缺、消滅地下黑市、維護器官交易雙方利益的不二之選。但是，從身體倫理視角來審視，人體器官不具備商品的根本屬性，漠視瞭供體的身體健康及身體權，對公民身體權處置不噹，所以“人體器官交易閤法化”絕非良策。解決這一難題，重點是要完善器官捐獻體繫，確保器官資源分配的公開、公正與透明，加彊身體倫理教育，促使公衆樹立正確的身體觀。
19지20세기，경니채、복가、매락-방체등사상가적노력，장기피차폐、피규훈적신체，종우각성병회복료기지우인적주체성지위。연이，창궐적지하기관교역흑시각양인적신체함입가피수의지해화매매적곤경。침대차，부분인제출료“인체기관교역합법화”적주장，인위저시해결기관자원단결、소멸지하흑시、유호기관교역쌍방이익적불이지선。단시，종신체윤리시각래심시，인체기관불구비상품적근본속성，막시료공체적신체건강급신체권，대공민신체권처치불당，소이“인체기관교역합법화”절비량책。해결저일난제，중점시요완선기관연헌체계，학보기관자원분배적공개、공정여투명，가강신체윤리교육，촉사공음수립정학적신체관。
From 19th to 20th centaury,thanks to the philosophers of Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche,Michel Foucault and Maurice Merleau -Ponty,human body,which had long been hidden and disciplined,has finally been awakened and regained its preliminary position to human beings.However,the rampant underground black market of organ trading has set the human body to the dilemma of arbitrary dismemberment and trade.Targeting at this issue,some people put forward the idea of "legalizing the human organ trade"as the best resolution to the problem of organ resource shortage for the purpose of eliminating underground black market and safeguard the in-terests of both sides of the trade.But from the perspective of human body ethics,the basic attributes of commodity that can be used in trading on human organs exists nowhere.This idea ignores the health condition and the right of the source body.It is an improper disposal of the citizenˊs body right.Therefore,"legalizing the human organ trade"is definitely an unsuitable approach.To solve this problem,the fundamental principle is to improve the or-gan donation system to insure that the organ resources are in an open,fair and transparent distribution mode and the education of body ethics should be enhanced to help the public to establish a decent view on human body.
