CAJ | 학술논문

基于甘肃省农户调查资料，分析农户对科技成果转化认知及不同农技成果转化主体行为对农户技术响应的影响。结果表明，农户对科技与其成果转化认知大相径庭，公共渠道成为农户获取技术信息的主要来源，具有明显的自发性和分散性特征，技术信息供给不充分，科技到户的“最后一公里”问题依旧突出。以农技推广机构为主导，科研单位、涉农企业、农民合作社参与的多元化新型农技成果转化模式逐步形成，但各种技术服务不能满足农户需求。新型农技成果转化主体数量少、带动能力弱，农技推广机构仍将是未来农技成果转化最重要主体，但合作社发展潜力巨大并将发挥重要作用。解决农产品“销售难”与提升自身市场竞争力成为农户赋予不同农技成果转化主体共同愿望与诉求，农户生产经营理念正由传统生产经营向现代农业转变。以农技推广机构为培训主体，以技术指导为主的单一的农户技术服务方式导致农技成果转化率低，效果差，农户技术服务方式亟待改善。
기우감숙성농호조사자료，분석농호대과기성과전화인지급불동농기성과전화주체행위대농호기술향응적영향。결과표명，농호대과기여기성과전화인지대상경정，공공거도성위농호획취기술신식적주요래원，구유명현적자발성화분산성특정，기술신식공급불충분，과기도호적“최후일공리”문제의구돌출。이농기추엄궤구위주도，과연단위、섭농기업、농민합작사삼여적다원화신형농기성과전화모식축보형성，단각충기술복무불능만족농호수구。신형농기성과전화주체수량소、대동능력약，농기추엄궤구잉장시미래농기성과전화최중요주체，단합작사발전잠력거대병장발휘중요작용。해결농산품“소수난”여제승자신시장경쟁력성위농호부여불동농기성과전화주체공동원망여소구，농호생산경영이념정유전통생산경영향현대농업전변。이농기추엄궤구위배훈주체，이기술지도위주적단일적농호기술복무방식도치농기성과전화솔저，효과차，농호기술복무방식극대개선。
The transformation of agricultural technological achievements is an important bridge joining scientific research, and education to production and it is also a strong driving force for the agricultural sustainable development.Based on the investigation data in Gansu province,the paper analyzes the cognition of peasant household to the transformation of agricul-tural technological achievements and the effects of diversified subjects behaviors on response of peasant households to agri-cultural technology.The result shows that peasant households’cognitions between agricultural science and technology and transformation of agricultural technological achievements are quite different;more and more attentions are paid to agricultur-al technology,and 92.353 per cent peasant households think it is indispensable;on the contrary most peasant households could not understand the transformation of agricultural technological achievements,and even 20% percentage are still deep-ly ignorant about transformation.The public channels including broadcast and television,relatives and friends,newspapers and magazines are the main technical information resource.It can be found two characteristics of the households’behaviors are spontaneous and dispersion during the process of acquiring technical information.The supply of technical information is insufficient.The problem of "the last mile"that how to realize all the households has received attentions and appropriate agricultural technologies are still severe.A new type of transformation pattern of agricultural technological achievements is coming into being,in which agro -technical popularization setups play a leading role and other subjects including agricul-tural research institutions,agricultural businesses and self -help cooperatives participate in it widely.But the technical service cannot satisfy the farmer needs by now.However,the new types of subjects of agricultural technological achieve-ments transformation are few and the capacity of bring along peasant household is faint.As a result the agro -technical pop-ularization setup is still the most important technology extension subject in the future.Self -help cooperatives extension or-ganizations would play a more and more important role.Almost all the farmers investigated have common wishes and appeal that the selling difficulty of their agricultural products could be resolved smoothly and timely,and their competitive abilities in the markets could be improved.The production -operation ideas of modern agriculture are formed from the traditional production management.The subjects of training agro -technical popularization setups as its main body and single technical service mode are dominated by technical instruction,which lead to low rate of agricultural technological achievements trans-formation,poor promotional effect,so the service mode for households needs to be improved urgently.