系统工程与电子技术
繫統工程與電子技術
계통공정여전자기술
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS
2015年
4期
907-910
,共4页
李伟%苏轼鹏%韩云东%王安国
李偉%囌軾鵬%韓雲東%王安國
리위%소식붕%한운동%왕안국
观测数据%拟合%天文自主定位算法
觀測數據%擬閤%天文自主定位算法
관측수거%의합%천문자주정위산법
observation data%fitting%astronomy autonomous positioning algorithm
根据海上天文定位原理,太阳上中天时的格林半圆时角等于测者所在位置的经度,但六分仪观测难以确定太阳上中天的较准确时间,由此产生的经度误差往往过大,不能满足航海需求。采用数据拟合技术对太阳高度曲线进行拟合处理,能够比较准确地求出太阳上中天的时间,从而给出了不需要推算船位的天文定位算法。通过海上大量实验结果表明:该算法定位周期短、简便易行且有利于减小偶然误差。采用现有六分仪进行观测,定位的纬度最大误差为0.8,经度最大误差为2.5,满足海上航行的导航精度要求。
根據海上天文定位原理,太暘上中天時的格林半圓時角等于測者所在位置的經度,但六分儀觀測難以確定太暘上中天的較準確時間,由此產生的經度誤差往往過大,不能滿足航海需求。採用數據擬閤技術對太暘高度麯線進行擬閤處理,能夠比較準確地求齣太暘上中天的時間,從而給齣瞭不需要推算船位的天文定位算法。通過海上大量實驗結果錶明:該算法定位週期短、簡便易行且有利于減小偶然誤差。採用現有六分儀進行觀測,定位的緯度最大誤差為0.8,經度最大誤差為2.5,滿足海上航行的導航精度要求。
근거해상천문정위원리,태양상중천시적격림반원시각등우측자소재위치적경도,단륙분의관측난이학정태양상중천적교준학시간,유차산생적경도오차왕왕과대,불능만족항해수구。채용수거의합기술대태양고도곡선진행의합처리,능구비교준학지구출태양상중천적시간,종이급출료불수요추산선위적천문정위산법。통과해상대량실험결과표명:해산법정위주기단、간편역행차유리우감소우연오차。채용현유륙분의진행관측,정위적위도최대오차위0.8,경도최대오차위2.5,만족해상항행적도항정도요구。
According to maritime astronomy positioning principle,the special nature of the sun can be used for astronomical positioning.When the sun transits,the green semicircle angle is equal to observer’s longitude. According to the law of the sun’s apparent motion,when one uses a sextant,it is difficult to determine the tran-sit time of the sun,and the longitude error will be introduced.In order to solve this problem,combined with da-ta fitting techniques,first the feasibility of fitting solar altitude curve is discussed and demonstrated,then a ce-lestial autonomous positioning method is proposed that doesn’t need projected position.Experimental results showed that the positioning cycle with the algorithm is short,it is simple to carry out and helps to reduce acci-dental errors.Under skilled observation level,maximum error of latitude and longitude are 0.8 and 2.5,which can fully meet the needs of the general maritime activities.