华北农学报
華北農學報
화북농학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA
2015年
2期
175-182
,共8页
苟才明%余世权%黄宁%荣廷昭%张吉海%徐克成%李志龙
茍纔明%餘世權%黃寧%榮廷昭%張吉海%徐剋成%李誌龍
구재명%여세권%황저%영정소%장길해%서극성%리지룡
玉米%地方种质%自交系%配合力%杂种优势%遗传参数
玉米%地方種質%自交繫%配閤力%雜種優勢%遺傳參數
옥미%지방충질%자교계%배합력%잡충우세%유전삼수
Maize%Landraces%Inbred lines%Combining ability%Heterosis%Genetic parameters
分析玉米地方种质选系的配合力,可以为探明自交系的应用价值提供技术支撑。选用11个自交系为测验种,采用不完全双列杂交设计,对17个玉米地方种质新选的自交系的配合力、杂种优势以及主要性状遗传参数进行了分析。结果表明:单株产量 GCA表现突出,且构成产量因子性状 GCA 表现也较好的新选自交系有 P1-1、P1-16和P1-14;SCA值高、杂种优势强的组合是P2-4× P1-10;在株高、穗位高、穗行数等4个性状中,亲本的基因加性效应对F1性状形成起主导作用,而穗长、秃尖长、百粒质量等5个性状的遗传变异主要来自于基因非加性效应。因此,对于高产组合的选配,至少要选择1个 GCA高的材料作亲本,并在此基础上兼顾 SCA 的选择,而利用地方种质选系则应根据性状遗传特性决定其选择时期和选择强度。
分析玉米地方種質選繫的配閤力,可以為探明自交繫的應用價值提供技術支撐。選用11箇自交繫為測驗種,採用不完全雙列雜交設計,對17箇玉米地方種質新選的自交繫的配閤力、雜種優勢以及主要性狀遺傳參數進行瞭分析。結果錶明:單株產量 GCA錶現突齣,且構成產量因子性狀 GCA 錶現也較好的新選自交繫有 P1-1、P1-16和P1-14;SCA值高、雜種優勢彊的組閤是P2-4× P1-10;在株高、穗位高、穗行數等4箇性狀中,親本的基因加性效應對F1性狀形成起主導作用,而穗長、禿尖長、百粒質量等5箇性狀的遺傳變異主要來自于基因非加性效應。因此,對于高產組閤的選配,至少要選擇1箇 GCA高的材料作親本,併在此基礎上兼顧 SCA 的選擇,而利用地方種質選繫則應根據性狀遺傳特性決定其選擇時期和選擇彊度。
분석옥미지방충질선계적배합력,가이위탐명자교계적응용개치제공기술지탱。선용11개자교계위측험충,채용불완전쌍렬잡교설계,대17개옥미지방충질신선적자교계적배합력、잡충우세이급주요성상유전삼수진행료분석。결과표명:단주산량 GCA표현돌출,차구성산량인자성상 GCA 표현야교호적신선자교계유 P1-1、P1-16화P1-14;SCA치고、잡충우세강적조합시P2-4× P1-10;재주고、수위고、수행수등4개성상중,친본적기인가성효응대F1성상형성기주도작용,이수장、독첨장、백립질량등5개성상적유전변이주요래자우기인비가성효응。인차,대우고산조합적선배,지소요선택1개 GCA고적재료작친본,병재차기출상겸고 SCA 적선택,이이용지방충질선계칙응근거성상유전특성결정기선택시기화선택강도。
This study was carried out to analyze the combining ability of inbred lines from maize landraces in or-der to provide the theoretical basis for assessing potential value of inbred lines. The materials included 11 testers, which used commonly in Southwest regions,17 newly inbreds obtained from maize landraces,and 187(17 × 11)com-binations which were crossed with 17 new maize inbred lines and the 11 testers by NCⅡmating design. The combining ability of 17 inbred lines from landraces was analyzed based on the date for the experiment. The genetic parameters were done basing on combining ability. The results showed that P1-1,P1-16 and P1-14 with the better comprehensive characters can be directly used in maize breeding program. The SCA of P2-4 × P1-10 was high in most traits,they brought out strong heterosis. GCA variance was bigger than SCA variance in plant height,ear height,rows per ear etc four characters,yet SCA variance of ear length,sterile length and 100-kernel weight etc five characters was big-ger than GCA variance. So these characters were selected would be based on their heritability. For example,plant height,ear height,rows per ear etc can be selected in early stage,ear length,sterile length and 100-kernel weight etc ought to be selected in lately stage. We should pay attention to GCA,SCA when cross elite hybrid combinations.