华北农学报
華北農學報
화북농학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA
2015年
2期
220-226
,共7页
邹小云%刘宝林%宋来强%邹晓芬%陈伦林%熊洁%李书宇%官春云
鄒小雲%劉寶林%宋來彊%鄒曉芬%陳倫林%熊潔%李書宇%官春雲
추소운%류보림%송래강%추효분%진륜림%웅길%리서우%관춘운
油菜%氮肥用量%水分胁迫%产量%氮效率
油菜%氮肥用量%水分脅迫%產量%氮效率
유채%담비용량%수분협박%산량%담효솔
Rapeseed%Nitrogen application%Water stress%Yield%Nitrogen use efficiency
为了明确花期水分胁迫下施氮对油菜产量形成、产量性能及氮肥利用效率的影响,以2个氮高效基因型(Monty和湘油15)和2个氮低效基因型(R210和Bin270)为供试材料,在不同氮水平(低氮0.05 g/kg,中氮0.2 g/kg,高氮0.4 g/kg),研究了花期水分胁迫下氮肥对不同氮效率基因型油菜产量、产量性能及氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,水分胁迫明显抑制了油菜的产量、产量性能和氮素吸收利用能力;就不同施氮量看,少量或过量施氮影响油菜产量及产量性能,所有供试材料的单株角果数、干物质量、收获指数和产量在中氮(0.2 g/kg)处理效果表现最好;水分对油菜生长发育的影响大于氮素养分,氮高效基因型对水分胁迫具有一定的减缓作用;适量供氮能够减轻水分胁迫对油菜生长发育的影响,氮高效基因型较氮低效基因型对水分和氮素胁迫具有更强的适应性。
為瞭明確花期水分脅迫下施氮對油菜產量形成、產量性能及氮肥利用效率的影響,以2箇氮高效基因型(Monty和湘油15)和2箇氮低效基因型(R210和Bin270)為供試材料,在不同氮水平(低氮0.05 g/kg,中氮0.2 g/kg,高氮0.4 g/kg),研究瞭花期水分脅迫下氮肥對不同氮效率基因型油菜產量、產量性能及氮肥利用效率的影響。結果錶明,水分脅迫明顯抑製瞭油菜的產量、產量性能和氮素吸收利用能力;就不同施氮量看,少量或過量施氮影響油菜產量及產量性能,所有供試材料的單株角果數、榦物質量、收穫指數和產量在中氮(0.2 g/kg)處理效果錶現最好;水分對油菜生長髮育的影響大于氮素養分,氮高效基因型對水分脅迫具有一定的減緩作用;適量供氮能夠減輕水分脅迫對油菜生長髮育的影響,氮高效基因型較氮低效基因型對水分和氮素脅迫具有更彊的適應性。
위료명학화기수분협박하시담대유채산량형성、산량성능급담비이용효솔적영향,이2개담고효기인형(Monty화상유15)화2개담저효기인형(R210화Bin270)위공시재료,재불동담수평(저담0.05 g/kg,중담0.2 g/kg,고담0.4 g/kg),연구료화기수분협박하담비대불동담효솔기인형유채산량、산량성능급담비이용효솔적영향。결과표명,수분협박명현억제료유채적산량、산량성능화담소흡수이용능력;취불동시담량간,소량혹과량시담영향유채산량급산량성능,소유공시재료적단주각과수、간물질량、수획지수화산량재중담(0.2 g/kg)처리효과표현최호;수분대유채생장발육적영향대우담소양분,담고효기인형대수분협박구유일정적감완작용;괄량공담능구감경수분협박대유채생장발육적영향,담고효기인형교담저효기인형대수분화담소협박구유경강적괄응성。
The research related to effects of water stress on nitrogen fertilizer use efficiencies of different nitro-gen use efficiency genotypes of rapeseed is few. Four different NUE rapeseed cultivars with high N use efficiency (Monty and Xiangyou 15)as well as low N use efficiency(R210 and Bin270),were used with three nitrogen ap-plications(0. 05,0. 2,0. 4 g/kg). Pot experiment was conducted in greenhouse to determine the effects of nitrogen application and water stress at flowering stage on yield performance parameters and nitrogen use efficiency of differ-ent nitrogen use efficiency genotypes of rapeseed. The results showed that the growth of rapeseed was obviously in-hibited,the yield,yield performance parameters and nitrogen use efficiency were significantly decreased under the water stress. Pod number per plant,dry matter amount,nitrogen harvest index and yield of all of the rapeseed in the MN(0. 2 g/kg )treatment was higher than in LN(0. 05 g/kg)treatment and in HN(0. 4 g/kg)treatment with the different nitrogen rate because of nitrogen nutrient deficiency or excess salt stress. The effect of water to rapeseed growth was greater than the effect of nitrogen nutrients,high nitrogen use efficiency genotype rapeseed could slow the endanger of water stress to rapeseed growth. Suitable applying nitrogen under water stress could reduce the effects of drought on growth of winter rapeseed,Monty and Xiangyou 15 with high nitrogen use efficiency was more adaptable to water and nitrogen stress than R210 and Bin270 with low nitrogen use efficiency.