交通运输系统工程与信息
交通運輸繫統工程與信息
교통운수계통공정여신식
JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION
2015年
2期
42-47,67
,共7页
城市交通%FAIR道路%方案评价%拥挤收费%信用政策%社会公平
城市交通%FAIR道路%方案評價%擁擠收費%信用政策%社會公平
성시교통%FAIR도로%방안평개%옹제수비%신용정책%사회공평
urban traffic%FAIR highway%scheme evaluation%congestion pricing%credits policy%social equity
拥挤收费是缓解道路交通拥挤最有效的方案之一，但其公平性饱受争议，导致社会接受程度不高。近年来提出了一些基于信用的拥挤收费方案，通过向低收入出行者发放货币信用，来补贴收费道路对其通勤出行造成的负面影响。以FAIR道路为例，首先定性地介绍其基本概念与系统设计，与传统道路拥挤管理方案比较其优缺点。然后，通过出行者行为建模在算例道路上模拟FAIR方案，定量地评价实施效果。结果显示，FAIR道路能显著地缓解交通拥堵，但方案的一些具体设计（信用政策）值得决策者关注。在我国道路交通拥挤日益严重，传统拥挤收费遇到巨大阻力的今天，研究结果值得我国公路和城市道路管理者参考和借鉴。
擁擠收費是緩解道路交通擁擠最有效的方案之一，但其公平性飽受爭議，導緻社會接受程度不高。近年來提齣瞭一些基于信用的擁擠收費方案，通過嚮低收入齣行者髮放貨幣信用，來補貼收費道路對其通勤齣行造成的負麵影響。以FAIR道路為例，首先定性地介紹其基本概唸與繫統設計，與傳統道路擁擠管理方案比較其優缺點。然後，通過齣行者行為建模在算例道路上模擬FAIR方案，定量地評價實施效果。結果顯示，FAIR道路能顯著地緩解交通擁堵，但方案的一些具體設計（信用政策）值得決策者關註。在我國道路交通擁擠日益嚴重，傳統擁擠收費遇到巨大阻力的今天，研究結果值得我國公路和城市道路管理者參攷和藉鑒。
옹제수비시완해도로교통옹제최유효적방안지일，단기공평성포수쟁의，도치사회접수정도불고。근년래제출료일사기우신용적옹제수비방안，통과향저수입출행자발방화폐신용，래보첩수비도로대기통근출행조성적부면영향。이FAIR도로위례，수선정성지개소기기본개념여계통설계，여전통도로옹제관리방안비교기우결점。연후，통과출행자행위건모재산례도로상모의FAIR방안，정량지평개실시효과。결과현시，FAIR도로능현저지완해교통옹도，단방안적일사구체설계（신용정책）치득결책자관주。재아국도로교통옹제일익엄중，전통옹제수비우도거대조력적금천，연구결과치득아국공로화성시도로관리자삼고화차감。
Congestion pricing is one of the most effective measures to tackle roadway traffic congestion. Its bias impacts on social equity, however, are the most concerns that hinder the public’s acceptance. Recently, a number of credit-based congestion pricing (CBCP) schemes were developed, which distribute monetary credits as subsidies to low-income commuters who may be negatively affected by the tolling highway. One of the earliest CBCP is FAIR (Fast and Intertwined Regular) highway. First, the concept and system designs of FAIR scheme are introduced, and then its pros and cons are summarized as compared to traditional highway congestion management strategies (e.g., HOV and HOT lanes). Through modeling travelers’ behaviors, the performance of FAIR scheme is quantitatively evaluated on an experiment highway. The results show that FAIR highway has significant effectiveness on congestion reduction, although some detailed system elements (e.g., credits policy) should be prudently designed in practice. The study is worth attentions of Chinese decision makers, especially in the current situation that the traffic congestion is deteriorating but traditional congestion pricing remains unpopular in Chinese cities.
