CAJ | 학술논문

公交优先是缓解城市拥堵的重要方法。按照Wardrop用户均衡原则，通过考虑乘客候车时间成本、乘车时间成本、换乘时间成本和车内拥挤成本，对包含两条线路（一条为一票直达线路，一条为支线干线线路）的公交系统建立出行选择均衡模型，并基于乘客个人出行成本的分析，得到了固定需求下用户均衡时两条线路选择人数和系统最优时两线路的最优发车频率。还在弹性需求情形下比较了系统最优和公交公司垄断情形两种不同政策所导致的均衡出行人数、公交票价、发车频率、公司利润和社会净收益等指标。算例结果验证了理论分析，得到了与传统经济学理论研究一致的结果，为相关管理政策的制定提供了理论科学依据。
공교우선시완해성시옹도적중요방법。안조Wardrop용호균형원칙，통과고필승객후차시간성본、승차시간성본、환승시간성본화차내옹제성본，대포함량조선로（일조위일표직체선로，일조위지선간선선로）적공교계통건립출행선택균형모형，병기우승객개인출행성본적분석，득도료고정수구하용호균형시량조선로선택인수화계통최우시량선로적최우발차빈솔。환재탄성수구정형하비교료계통최우화공교공사롱단정형량충불동정책소도치적균형출행인수、공교표개、발차빈솔、공사리윤화사회정수익등지표。산례결과험증료이론분석，득도료여전통경제학이론연구일치적결과，위상관관리정책적제정제공료이론과학의거。
Bus priority is one of the important methods to relieve urban congestion. Based on the Wardrop's user equilibrium principle, this paper investigates the riding behavior of commuters who take buses from a living place to a work place in a transit system with feeder-truck lines. The equilibrium bus riding model proposed in this paper incorporates such costs as that associated with average waiting time in the bus stop, in-vehicle time and transferring time as well as body congestion in buses. The optimal bus frequency is derived in the case of fixed demand. In the elastic demand case, the fare level, bus frequency, the company net profit and the system net benefit are obtained and compared with two types of system configurations, namely system optimum and monopoly by one bus company, respectively. A numerical example is presented to verify the theoretical results which are consistent with classical economics theory. The finding can be helpful in designing the transportation management policies.