CAJ | 학술논문

平面标靶的定位是3维激光扫描数据处理过程中的重要一环。为了减小中心坐标提取对多站数据拼接配准、不同坐标系转换、辅助定位等精度的影响，提出了一种基于最小二乘法、K－means聚类法以及扫描点反射强度值的新方法，并进行了理论分析和实例验证，取得了准确的定位数据。首先采用总体最小二乘法对扫描数据中的粗差点进行剔除，然后基于扫描点反射强度值和K－means聚类方法进行区域分类，接着对中心坐标提取，最后对中心坐标进行计算得到坐标位置。结果表明，在一定距离内，该方法可以在实际应用时获得较高的定位准确性，在不同方向上与软件自动识别的坐标相差在亚毫米级，与实际测得标靶距离相差也在亚毫米级。该研究对实现平面标靶中心坐标自动提取是有帮助的。
평면표파적정위시3유격광소묘수거처리과정중적중요일배。위료감소중심좌표제취대다참수거병접배준、불동좌표계전환、보조정위등정도적영향，제출료일충기우최소이승법、K－means취류법이급소묘점반사강도치적신방법，병진행료이론분석화실례험증，취득료준학적정위수거。수선채용총체최소이승법대소묘수거중적조차점진행척제，연후기우소묘점반사강도치화K－means취류방법진행구역분류，접착대중심좌표제취，최후대중심좌표진행계산득도좌표위치。결과표명，재일정거리내，해방법가이재실제응용시획득교고적정위준학성，재불동방향상여연건자동식별적좌표상차재아호미급，여실제측득표파거리상차야재아호미급。해연구대실현평면표파중심좌표자동제취시유방조적。
Plane target positioning is one of the important parts to process the data obtained by terrestrial laser scanner measurement.In order to reduce the influence on the accuracy of multiple-scan registration, coordinate system transformation and object aided location when extracting coordinates of the target centre , a new method was proposed based on the least square method , K-means clustering method and the reflection intensity at the scanning points .After theoretical analysis and experimental verification , the positioning data with high accuracy was achieved .There are four major steps to deal with the problem:firstly, to eliminate noise points by using the total least squares algorithm;secondly , to classify the region of scanning data based on the reflection intensity;thirdly, to extract the centre coordinates of each region by means of K-means clustering method; finally, to calculate the target centre coordinates according to the centre position each region.The results show that reliable positioning accuracy can be obtained at a certain distance by means of the proposed method.The deviation of the coordinates is in the order of sub-millimeters, and the distance deviation is also in the order of sub-millimeters.The research is helpful for coordinate extraction of plane target centers .