CAJ | 학술논문

采用静水式急性毒性试验法研究了甲苯咪唑、溴氰菊酯和硫酸铜对美洲鲥（ Alosa sapidissima）的急性毒性。在15℃、20℃和25℃3个温度下，甲苯咪唑96 h的半致死质量浓度（ LC50）为0.226 mg·L-1、0.077 mg·L-1和0.122 mg·L-1，安全质量浓度（ SC）分别为0.194 mg·L-1、0.027 mg·L-1和0.063 mg·L-1；溴氰菊酯96 h-LC50分别为0.386μg·L-1、0.234μg·L-1和0.259μg·L-1，SC分别为0.090μg·L-1、0.061μg·L-1和0.082μg·L-1；硫酸铜96 h-LC50分别为0.320 mg·L-1、0.385 mg·L-1和0.186 mg·L-1，SC分别为0.042 mg·L-1、0.115 mg·L-1和0.019 mg·L-1。根据鱼类毒性等级评价标准，可判定甲苯咪唑在20℃时对于美洲鲥为剧毒药物，在15℃和25℃时为高毒药物，溴氰菊酯在3个温度梯度下均属于剧毒类的药物，硫酸铜在3个温度梯度下均属于中毒类的药物。试验结果表明，温度对美洲鲥各种药物的SC影响很大，因此养殖过程中要特别注意根据温度的变化使用药物。
채용정수식급성독성시험법연구료갑분미서、추청국지화류산동대미주시（ Alosa sapidissima）적급성독성。재15℃、20℃화25℃3개온도하，갑분미서96 h적반치사질량농도（ LC50）위0.226 mg·L-1、0.077 mg·L-1화0.122 mg·L-1，안전질량농도（ SC）분별위0.194 mg·L-1、0.027 mg·L-1화0.063 mg·L-1；추청국지96 h-LC50분별위0.386μg·L-1、0.234μg·L-1화0.259μg·L-1，SC분별위0.090μg·L-1、0.061μg·L-1화0.082μg·L-1；류산동96 h-LC50분별위0.320 mg·L-1、0.385 mg·L-1화0.186 mg·L-1，SC분별위0.042 mg·L-1、0.115 mg·L-1화0.019 mg·L-1。근거어류독성등급평개표준，가판정갑분미서재20℃시대우미주시위극독약물，재15℃화25℃시위고독약물，추청국지재3개온도제도하균속우극독류적약물，류산동재3개온도제도하균속우중독류적약물。시험결과표명，온도대미주시각충약물적SC영향흔대，인차양식과정중요특별주의근거온도적변화사용약물。
The acute toxicities of mebendazole,deltamethrin and copper sulphate to Alosa sapidissima were studied by static water tests. At 15 ℃,20 ℃ and 25 ℃,the 96 h median lethal concentrations( LC50 )of mebendazole to A. sapidissima were 0. 226 mg· L-1 ,0. 077 mg·L-1 and 0. 122 mg·L-1 ,and safe concentrations( SC)were 0. 194 mg·L-1 ,0. 027 mg·L-1 and 0. 063 mg·L-1 , respectively. The 96 h-LC50 of deltamethrin were 0. 386 μg·L-1 ,0. 234 μg·L-1 and 0. 259 μg·L-1 ,and SCs were 0. 090 μg·L-1 , 0. 061 μg·L-1 and 0. 082 μg·L-1 ,respectively. The 96 h-LC50 of copper sulphate were 0. 320 mg·L-1 ,0. 385 mg·L-1 and 0. 186 mg ·L-1 ,and SCs were 0. 042 mg·L-1 ,0. 115 mg·L-1 and 0. 019 mg·L-1 ,respectively. According to the standard of fish acute toxici-ty,mebendazole was high-toxic at 20 ℃ and was less toxic at 15 ℃ and 25 ℃. Deltamethrin and copper sulphate were high-toxic and middle-toxic at three water temperatures. The results reveal that temperature affected SCs of different drugs to A. sapidissima greatly. Thus,dose of fishery drugs should be adjusted cautiously according to different water temperatures.