CAJ | 학술논문

项羽分封是中国古代史上的一件大事。它诚然是阻碍中国古代社会由封建制向郡县制过渡的一股逆流，但不能简单地将其视为先前的封建制。较之于西周的封邦建国、春秋时期的争霸与战国时期的群雄割据，项羽分封无疑具有进步性。它的出现符合当时六国贵族残余势力与受尽秦朝磨难的人民的需求，是秦亡汉兴这一特殊历史时期的特殊产物。以历史的后见之明来看，它的出现不仅为汉的统一扫清了一定的障碍，它的失败也为西汉的统一提供了某种借鉴作用。因此，项羽分封是中国古代社会由封建制向郡县制转型链条上的重要一环。
항우분봉시중국고대사상적일건대사。타성연시조애중국고대사회유봉건제향군현제과도적일고역류，단불능간단지장기시위선전적봉건제。교지우서주적봉방건국、춘추시기적쟁패여전국시기적군웅할거，항우분봉무의구유진보성。타적출현부합당시륙국귀족잔여세력여수진진조마난적인민적수구，시진망한흥저일특수역사시기적특수산물。이역사적후견지명래간，타적출현불부위한적통일소청료일정적장애，타적실패야위서한적통일제공료모충차감작용。인차，항우분봉시중국고대사회유봉건제향군현제전형련조상적중요일배。
Xiang Yu’ s Infeudation was an important event in ancient China. It was the countercurrent, which hinders the tran?sition of ancient Chinese social system from feudal system into counties system. However, it can’ t be regarded as the former infeuda?tion. Xiang Yu’ s infeudation has its positive meaning, compared with the infeudation in Zhou dynasty. It was consistent with the nar?rative of the nobilities and the people who had been tortured by Qin dynasty, and it’ s a special product between Qin and Han dynas?ty. Xiang Yu’ s infeudation cleared away the obstacles for Han dynasty’ s unity, and its failure provided important guidance for Han dynasty’ s unity. Therefore, Xiang Yu’ s infeudation was an important event when the social form of ancient China was changed from feudal system to counties system.