CAJ | 학술논문

为了解滴灌棉田根系与土壤养分的分布特征，选择壤土和砂壤土两种质地土壤，定期调查滴灌棉田不同生育时期的棉花根系与土壤氮磷钾养分在水平和垂直方向的分布规律。结果表明：第一次滴灌水前棉花根系体系构建完成，棉花根系水平分布均匀，在3~20 cm土层垂直分布较多，疏松土壤中可深入到40 cm土层；根系分布与基肥分布吻合，基肥能被有效利用。各生育期棉田养分垂直方向分布总体规律是0~30 cm土层中有效氮磷钾养分分布一致且较高；30~40 cm土层中养分略低，是过渡层；40 cm以下土层中养分较低。0~30 cm土层与40~60 cm土层养分间差异显著。棉田在垂直滴灌带的水平方向土壤养分含量差异不显著；滴肥后0~30 cm土层氮磷钾养分增加明显，及时提供了棉花生长的养分，维持了土层中养分水平。
위료해적관면전근계여토양양분적분포특정，선택양토화사양토량충질지토양，정기조사적관면전불동생육시기적면화근계여토양담린갑양분재수평화수직방향적분포규률。결과표명：제일차적관수전면화근계체계구건완성，면화근계수평분포균균，재3~20 cm토층수직분포교다，소송토양중가심입도40 cm토층；근계분포여기비분포문합，기비능피유효이용。각생육기면전양분수직방향분포총체규률시0~30 cm토층중유효담린갑양분분포일치차교고；30~40 cm토층중양분략저，시과도층；40 cm이하토층중양분교저。0~30 cm토층여40~60 cm토층양분간차이현저。면전재수직적관대적수평방향토양양분함량차이불현저；적비후0~30 cm토층담린갑양분증가명현，급시제공료면화생장적양분，유지료토층중양분수평。
In this study the distribution of horizontal and vertical direction root and nutrients in loam and sandy loam soil during various cotton planting periods were investigated. The results indicated that cotton root system had been constructed before the first watering, which was well horizontal distributed and distributed vertically most in 3~20 cm soil layer, it could reach 40 cm soil layer in loose soil. The distributions of root and base fertilizer were click and so fertilizer could be used effectively. The gen-eral rules of vertical distribution of cotton nutrient in each growth showed that the distributions of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in 0~30 cm were similar and the highest, and getting slightly lower in 30~40 cm soil, which was a transition lay-er. Below 40 cm soil nutrient the contents of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were very low. The difference be-tween the 0~30 cm layer and 40~60 cm layer of nutrient was significant. Differences in soil nutrient contents in normal direction of drip-irrigation were not significant. After fertilization with drip irrigation, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in 0~30 cm soil were significantly increased, which provided nutrients for cotton growth and maintained the soil nutrient level.