干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2015年
2期
253-260
,共8页
王金成%井明博%周天林%王鑫
王金成%井明博%週天林%王鑫
왕금성%정명박%주천림%왕흠
黄土高原%沟壑区%土壤微生物%人工沙棘林%生长年限
黃土高原%溝壑區%土壤微生物%人工沙棘林%生長年限
황토고원%구학구%토양미생물%인공사극림%생장년한
loess plateau%gully region%soil microorganism%artificial seabuckthorn forests%growing year
为了认识土壤微生物在不同生长年限沙棘林中的地位和作用，利用“平板培养法”和常规方法，研究了不同生长年限人工沙棘林土壤微生物三大类群组成和土壤养分的变化情况，并以系统聚类及主成分分析（PCA）等方法进行数据分析。土壤微生物总数量及三大类群数量以7 a 林最高（493．87×105 cfu?g －1干土），10 a 林（358．77×105 cfu?g －1干土）和15 a 林（321．69×105 cfu?g －1干土）最低且相互之间无显著性变化（P＜0．05）；土壤微生物三大类群中，土壤放线菌数量对 Shannon －Wiener 指数的大小变化起着较大作用；依据可培养微生物组成，4组样地可划分为3个类群，生长年限对土壤微生物组成的作用明显，且人工沙棘林生长年限超过10 a ，其土壤微生物数量已接近于撂荒地。土壤微生物组成与人工沙棘林生长年限关系密切且具有其独特的规律及变化原因。
為瞭認識土壤微生物在不同生長年限沙棘林中的地位和作用，利用“平闆培養法”和常規方法，研究瞭不同生長年限人工沙棘林土壤微生物三大類群組成和土壤養分的變化情況，併以繫統聚類及主成分分析（PCA）等方法進行數據分析。土壤微生物總數量及三大類群數量以7 a 林最高（493．87×105 cfu?g －1榦土），10 a 林（358．77×105 cfu?g －1榦土）和15 a 林（321．69×105 cfu?g －1榦土）最低且相互之間無顯著性變化（P＜0．05）；土壤微生物三大類群中，土壤放線菌數量對 Shannon －Wiener 指數的大小變化起著較大作用；依據可培養微生物組成，4組樣地可劃分為3箇類群，生長年限對土壤微生物組成的作用明顯，且人工沙棘林生長年限超過10 a ，其土壤微生物數量已接近于撂荒地。土壤微生物組成與人工沙棘林生長年限關繫密切且具有其獨特的規律及變化原因。
위료인식토양미생물재불동생장년한사극림중적지위화작용，이용“평판배양법”화상규방법，연구료불동생장년한인공사극림토양미생물삼대류군조성화토양양분적변화정황，병이계통취류급주성분분석（PCA）등방법진행수거분석。토양미생물총수량급삼대류군수량이7 a 림최고（493．87×105 cfu?g －1간토），10 a 림（358．77×105 cfu?g －1간토）화15 a 림（321．69×105 cfu?g －1간토）최저차상호지간무현저성변화（P＜0．05）；토양미생물삼대류군중，토양방선균수량대 Shannon －Wiener 지수적대소변화기착교대작용；의거가배양미생물조성，4조양지가화분위3개류군，생장년한대토양미생물조성적작용명현，차인공사극림생장년한초과10 a ，기토양미생물수량이접근우략황지。토양미생물조성여인공사극림생장년한관계밀절차구유기독특적규률급변화원인。
To further understand the status and effects of different aged artificial sea buckthorn forests on soil micro -bial-composition ,three major groups of soil microorganisms were investigated by plate cultivation .Meanwhile ,the data in the study were analyzed using the hierarchical cluster as well as the principal component analysis (PCA) .The results showed that ,for the total quantity of the soil microorganisms among all three major microbial groups ,7a forest had the highest ,whereas 10 a and 15 a contained less and there was no significant difference between them .Additionally ,the group of actinomycetes ,though smaller in quantity ,played a more important role in influencing the variations of Shannon-Wiener index .Four kinds of different aged sea buckthorn forests were classified into three classes according to the compo -sition of culturable soil microorganisms through the analyses of hierarchical cluster and the principal component analysis (PCA) .Forest age played extremely significant roles in affecting the soil micro-composition .Furthermore ,in this study , the results also indicated that the microbial-composition in sea buckthorn forests more than 10 years old was similar to that in the abandon land .In conclusion ,it was suggested that there was a particular rule and causes for the variations in soil microorganism composition under different aged sea buckthorn forests ,which offered reference and theoretical basis to the sustainable development of economic vegetation in the gully region of loess plateau .
