CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解上海市金山区石化地区1岁以下儿童特应性皮炎（atopic dermatitis ，AD）的患病率及危险因素。方法：采集在复旦大学附属金山医院2012年9月—2013年8月出生的新生儿出生时的一般资料，同时通过问卷调查的方法了解AD相关因素。在1、2、6、9、12月龄随访，了解特应性皮炎的发病情况以及小儿喂养和生长发育的情况。结果：入选新生儿2426例，随访新生儿915人次，其中AD患儿271例，AD患病率29．6％。出生在3、4、5及7、8、9月的新生儿AD的患病率为29．9％～37．6％，较其他月份（20．7％～24．2％）高。单因素分析显示，AD的患病率与父母过敏史、婴儿血嗜酸细胞计数增多显著相关（P＜0．01），与性别（男性）、剖宫产、人工喂养或混合喂养、母亲文化程度高、被动吸烟有关（P＜0．05），与母亲产前感染史无关（P＞0．05）。多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示，AD患病率与母亲文化程度高、血嗜酸细胞计数增多显著相关（P＜0．01），与剖宫产、人工喂养或混合喂养、父母过敏史有关（P＜0．05）。结论：上海市金山石化地区婴儿AD的患病率为29．6％。AD的发病有季节性趋势，出生在春季及夏季的新生儿AD的患病率高，父母过敏史、母亲文化程度高、出生后人工喂养或混合喂养、剖宫产，血清嗜酸细胞数增多是婴儿AD的危险因素。
목적：료해상해시금산구석화지구1세이하인동특응성피염（atopic dermatitis ，AD）적환병솔급위험인소。방법：채집재복단대학부속금산의원2012년9월—2013년8월출생적신생인출생시적일반자료，동시통과문권조사적방법료해AD상관인소。재1、2、6、9、12월령수방，료해특응성피염적발병정황이급소인위양화생장발육적정황。결과：입선신생인2426례，수방신생인915인차，기중AD환인271례，AD환병솔29．6％。출생재3、4、5급7、8、9월적신생인AD적환병솔위29．9％～37．6％，교기타월빈（20．7％～24．2％）고。단인소분석현시，AD적환병솔여부모과민사、영인혈기산세포계수증다현저상관（P＜0．01），여성별（남성）、부궁산、인공위양혹혼합위양、모친문화정도고、피동흡연유관（P＜0．05），여모친산전감염사무관（P＞0．05）。다인소logistic축보회귀분석현시，AD환병솔여모친문화정도고、혈기산세포계수증다현저상관（P＜0．01），여부궁산、인공위양혹혼합위양、부모과민사유관（P＜0．05）。결론：상해시금산석화지구영인AD적환병솔위29．6％。AD적발병유계절성추세，출생재춘계급하계적신생인AD적환병솔고，부모과민사、모친문화정도고、출생후인공위양혹혼합위양、부궁산，혈청기산세포수증다시영인AD적위험인소。
Objective:To find out the prevalence and risk factors of Atopic Dermatitis(AD) of children under 1 year old in Shihua area ,Jinshan District ,Shanghal .Methods:Neonatal general conditions at birth were collected in Jinshan Hospital , Fudan University from September 2012 to August 2013 ,while questionnalre survey was conducted to understand the correlative factors .Follow‐up was done at 1 ,2 ,6 ,9 ,12 month‐old so as to understand the incidence of AD and the conditions about feeding and growth .Results:There were 2426 newborns were selected ,and 915 were followed‐up .There were 271 AD patients ,and the prevalence rate is 29 .6% .Prevalence rate of AD was 29 .9%‐37 .6% in newborns who were born in March , April ,May ,July ,August and September ,which was higher than those in other months(20 .7%‐24 .2% ) .Univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of AD was significantly correlated with parents’ allergies and increase of the eosinophil count in infant blood (P<0 .01) .It was also correlated with boy ,caesarean section ,artificial feeding or mixed feeding ,mother’s high level of education of mothers ,passive smoking ,and there were significant differences (P< 0 .05) .However ,it was not correlated with the mother’s prenatal history of infection (P>0 .05) .Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AD prevalence rate was significantly correlated to mother’s high level of education ,increase of eosinophil count in infant blood(P<0 .01) .It was also correlated to caesarean section ,artificial feeding or mixed feeding ,parental allergy history ,and there were significant differences(P< 0 .05) .Conclusions:The prevalence rate of infant AD in Jinshan District of Shanghal City was 29 .6% .The incidence of AD had seasonal trends .Infants ,who were born in the spring and summer ,had higher prevalence rates of AD .Parents with allergies ,mother’s high level of education ,artificial feeding or mixed feeding after birth ,caesarean section and increase of eosinophil count in infant blood are risk factors for infant AD .