工程地质学报
工程地質學報
공정지질학보
2015年
2期
187-193
,共7页
汶川地震%极震区%滑坡%风险
汶川地震%極震區%滑坡%風險
문천지진%겁진구%활파%풍험
Wenchuan Earthquake%Meizoseismal area%Landslide%Risk
地震滑坡是在地震瞬间诱发的滑坡灾害。本文讨论了汶川地震灾区滑坡风险区划与常规滑坡风险区划的区别，认为地震滑坡风险区划应该在危险度区划中增加与地震相关的指标因子，如滑坡震中距和滑坡断层距。从而反映地震动能量对地震滑坡发育的贡献作用。而易损度区划中是难以体现地震因素作用的，这里采用滑坡密度、人口密度、道路密度、建筑物密度、耕地密度这5个指标进行易损度评价。最后采用权重叠加法进行了汶川地震极震区10个县市（面积26175.77km2）的滑坡风险区划，其中高、较高风险区分别占全区面积的9.03％和14.61％。说明震后灾区依然存在一定的滑坡风险。汶川地震极震区中，北川、青川、都江堰、彭州4地应该成为滑坡风险防御的主要地区。对滑坡风险区划结果进行了实地抽样检验，证明区划结果基本符合汶川极震灾区的情况。由此可见，本文介绍的地震滑坡风险区划方法是可靠的。
地震滑坡是在地震瞬間誘髮的滑坡災害。本文討論瞭汶川地震災區滑坡風險區劃與常規滑坡風險區劃的區彆，認為地震滑坡風險區劃應該在危險度區劃中增加與地震相關的指標因子，如滑坡震中距和滑坡斷層距。從而反映地震動能量對地震滑坡髮育的貢獻作用。而易損度區劃中是難以體現地震因素作用的，這裏採用滑坡密度、人口密度、道路密度、建築物密度、耕地密度這5箇指標進行易損度評價。最後採用權重疊加法進行瞭汶川地震極震區10箇縣市（麵積26175.77km2）的滑坡風險區劃，其中高、較高風險區分彆佔全區麵積的9.03％和14.61％。說明震後災區依然存在一定的滑坡風險。汶川地震極震區中，北川、青川、都江堰、彭州4地應該成為滑坡風險防禦的主要地區。對滑坡風險區劃結果進行瞭實地抽樣檢驗，證明區劃結果基本符閤汶川極震災區的情況。由此可見，本文介紹的地震滑坡風險區劃方法是可靠的。
지진활파시재지진순간유발적활파재해。본문토론료문천지진재구활파풍험구화여상규활파풍험구화적구별，인위지진활파풍험구화응해재위험도구화중증가여지진상관적지표인자，여활파진중거화활파단층거。종이반영지진동능량대지진활파발육적공헌작용。이역손도구화중시난이체현지진인소작용적，저리채용활파밀도、인구밀도、도로밀도、건축물밀도、경지밀도저5개지표진행역손도평개。최후채용권중첩가법진행료문천지진겁진구10개현시（면적26175.77km2）적활파풍험구화，기중고、교고풍험구분별점전구면적적9.03％화14.61％。설명진후재구의연존재일정적활파풍험。문천지진겁진구중，북천、청천、도강언、팽주4지응해성위활파풍험방어적주요지구。대활파풍험구화결과진행료실지추양검험，증명구화결과기본부합문천겁진재구적정황。유차가견，본문개소적지진활파풍험구화방법시가고적。
Landslides that are occurred during the earthquake are called seismic-landslides.This paper discusses the difference between the earthquake-induced landslide risk zonation and the general landslide risk zonation.It considers that some factors related to earthquake should be taken into the consideration in earthquake-induced landslide risk zonation.They include the distance between the landslide location and epicenter and the fault's buffer distance.They can reflect the role of earthquake dynamic energy to landslide formation.However,it is hard to reflect the earthquake effect in the vulnerability assessment.Five factors including landslide density,population density,road density,building density,and cultivated land density are adopted to evaluate the study area vulnerability.Finally,the contributing weight model is adopted to evaluate the landslide risk.The result shows that the higher and the high risk region are accounting for 9.03%and 1 4.61%of the whole study area respectively.This demonstrates that the disaster area after the Wenchuan Earthquake is still facing the landslide hazard threats.In the meizoseismal area,the counties of Beichuan,Qiangchuan,Dujiangyan,and Pengzhou should be regarded as the main landslide risk prevention areas.After field sampling and validation,the results are proved to be consistent with the actual Wenchuan earthquake regions.Thus,the method in this paper is reliable.
