CAJ | 학술논문

为了探明马铃薯连作的土壤障碍机理,减轻连作对块茎产量和植株生长的影响,通过大田试验,研究马铃薯连作年限对土壤表层(0~20 cm)盐分积累和水溶性盐离子组成的影响.结果表明：马铃薯连作显著增加了土壤的全盐含量,连作3 a(CP3)、4 a(CP4)和5 a(CP5)的土壤总盐量分别比对照(轮作,RP)增加了89.9%、155.6%和157.6%.随连作年限延长,土壤的电导率(EC)也随之升高,CP3、CP4和 CP5分别比 RP 增加了41.7%、41.7%和56.3%.马铃薯连作增加了表层土壤中 K+、Na+、Mg2+、Cl-和 HCO3-的含量,其中以 Na+和 Cl-的增加最为显著,CP3、CP4和 CP5处理的 Na+含量分别比 RP 增加了47.6%、52.4%和57.1%,最快,CP3、CP4和 CP5的 Cl-分别比 RP 增加100.0%、150.0%和455.0%.马铃薯连作降低了表层土壤 Ca2+的含量,CP3、CP4和 CP5分别比 RP 降低了23.3%、32.1%和48.2%.连作3 a(CP3)是马铃薯“大西洋”块茎产量大幅度下降的阈值点,同时也是表层土壤中全盐量超过3.0g/kg 的起始点.表层土壤中盐分的积累及其组成的相对变化可能是导致甘肃中部沿黄灌区马铃薯“大西洋”连作障碍的重要原因之一.
위료탐명마령서련작적토양장애궤리,감경련작대괴경산량화식주생장적영향,통과대전시험,연구마령서련작년한대토양표층(0~20 cm)염분적루화수용성염리자조성적영향.결과표명：마령서련작현저증가료토양적전염함량,련작3 a(CP3)、4 a(CP4)화5 a(CP5)적토양총염량분별비대조(륜작,RP)증가료89.9%、155.6%화157.6%.수련작년한연장,토양적전도솔(EC)야수지승고,CP3、CP4화 CP5분별비 RP 증가료41.7%、41.7%화56.3%.마령서련작증가료표층토양중 K+、Na+、Mg2+、Cl-화 HCO3-적함량,기중이 Na+화 Cl-적증가최위현저,CP3、CP4화 CP5처리적 Na+함량분별비 RP 증가료47.6%、52.4%화57.1%,최쾌,CP3、CP4화 CP5적 Cl-분별비 RP 증가100.0%、150.0%화455.0%.마령서련작강저료표층토양 Ca2+적함량,CP3、CP4화 CP5분별비 RP 강저료23.3%、32.1%화48.2%.련작3 a(CP3)시마령서“대서양”괴경산량대폭도하강적역치점,동시야시표층토양중전염량초과3.0g/kg 적기시점.표층토양중염분적적루급기조성적상대변화가능시도치감숙중부연황관구마령서“대서양”련작장애적중요원인지일.
Continuous monocropping barrier resulting from intensive potato production lead to large range of plant soil-borne barrier and the significant decline in tuber yield,which is bad for the healthy de-velopment of the potato industry locally.It is necessary to increase the understandings about the shifts of soil properties involved in continuous cropping barrier.The field experiment was conducted in the Yellow River irrigation area of the central Gansu Province.The field experiment was carried out to study the effects of continuous potato cropping on salt accumulation and ion composition in upper soils (0~20 cm). The results showed that compared with the control (rotation cropping,CK),the content of total salt in field of three years continuous potato cropping (CP3 ),four years continuous potato cropping (CP4 )and five years continuous potato cropping (CP5 )increased by 89.9%,155.6% and 157.6%,respectively.The obvi-ous increase in electrical conductivity (EC )was also observed with the years of continuous potato crop-ping,the EC of the treatments CP3 ,CP4 and CP5 increased by 41.7%,41.7% and 56.3%,respectively, compared with RP.Among the ion compositions of the total soil salt,the content of K+ ,Na+ ,Mg2 + ,Cl-and HCO3 - increased with the duration of continuous potato cropping,but the content of Ca2 + decreased significantly.The contents of Na+ and Cl- increased most.The content of Na+ in CP3 ,CP4 and CP5 treat-ments increased by 47.6%,52.4% and 57.1%,and the content of Cl- in CP3 ,CP4 and CP5 treatments in-creased by 100.0%,150.0% and 455.0% compared with RP.The content of Ca2 + in CP3 ,CP4 and CP5 treatments decreased by 23.3%,32.1% and 48.2% compared with RP.The three years of continuous pota-to cropping (CP3 )seemed as a critical point both for the potato tuber yield decrease and the increase of to-tal salt in layer soil,which indicated that the salt accumulation and the changes of water soluble salt ion composition might be the significant causes leading to the obstacles of continuous potato cropping in the Yellow River irrigation areas in Gansu Province.