CAJ | 학술논문

目的对比分析孤独谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童人脸面部表情识别特征,并探讨其面部情绪识别特征与同理心之间的相关性.方法对36名符合《美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版(修订版)》诊断标准的ASD和35例年龄、性别及智商匹配的正常儿童对照组(TD)使用格里菲斯同理心测验父母版评定两组儿童的同理心能力,并使用人脸面部表情识别任务测试情绪识别能力.选取中国面孔表情图片系统中认同度及强度较高的50张图片作为刺激材料,运用E-prime 2.0软件呈现任务.结果 ASD儿童识别高兴、中性与其余三种情绪正确率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),具体为高兴(0.79±0.25)＞恐惧(0.49±0.32)＞愤怒(0.47±0.36)＞悲伤(0.45±0.26)＞中性(0.38±0.38);ASD儿童对悲伤、高兴和中性三种情绪识别的正确率低于TD组(P＜0.05),具体为悲伤[ASD组(0.45±0.26) ＜TD组(0.71±0.22),P=0.00]、中性[ASD组(0.38±0.38) ＜TD组(0.85±0.25),P=0.00]、高兴[ASD组(0.79±0.25) ＜TD组(0.92±0.16),P=0.01];ASD组儿童的GEM-PR总分、情感分量表分均低于TD组(P＜0.05);ASD儿童识别恐惧、中性情绪识别正确率与年龄存在显著相关,除恐惧外,其他四种情绪识别正确率均与智商呈正相关(P＜0.05).ASD组儿童识别高兴情绪正确率与同理心均分呈负相关(r=-0.5,P=0.012);情绪识别正确率与认知均分回归显著(t=0.318,R2=0.266,P=0.006).结论 ASD儿童识别悲伤和中性情绪的能力较低,且其同理心能力的认知和情感两个维度均较正常儿童为差,ASD儿童情绪面孔的识别能力可以正向预测其同理心的认知能力.
목적 대비분석고독보계장애(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)인동인검면부표정식별특정,병탐토기면부정서식별특정여동리심지간적상관성.방법 대36명부합《미국정신장애진단화통계수책제4판(수정판)》진단표준적ASD화35례년령、성별급지상필배적정상인동대조조(TD)사용격리비사동리심측험부모판평정량조인동적동리심능력,병사용인검면부표정식별임무측시정서식별능력.선취중국면공표정도편계통중인동도급강도교고적50장도편작위자격재료,운용E-prime 2.0연건정현임무.결과 ASD인동식별고흥、중성여기여삼충정서정학솔차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05),구체위고흥(0.79±0.25)＞공구(0.49±0.32)＞분노(0.47±0.36)＞비상(0.45±0.26)＞중성(0.38±0.38);ASD인동대비상、고흥화중성삼충정서식별적정학솔저우TD조(P＜0.05),구체위비상[ASD조(0.45±0.26) ＜TD조(0.71±0.22),P=0.00]、중성[ASD조(0.38±0.38) ＜TD조(0.85±0.25),P=0.00]、고흥[ASD조(0.79±0.25) ＜TD조(0.92±0.16),P=0.01];ASD조인동적GEM-PR총분、정감분량표분균저우TD조(P＜0.05);ASD인동식별공구、중성정서식별정학솔여년령존재현저상관,제공구외,기타사충정서식별정학솔균여지상정정상관(P＜0.05).ASD조인동식별고흥정서정학솔여동리심균분정부상관(r=-0.5,P=0.012);정서식별정학솔여인지균분회귀현저(t=0.318,R2=0.266,P=0.006).결론 ASD인동식별비상화중성정서적능력교저,차기동리심능력적인지화정감량개유도균교정상인동위차,ASD인동정서면공적식별능력가이정향예측기동리심적인지능력.
Objective To explore the correlation of the characteristics of facial emotion recognition and empathy,and analyze the characteristics of facial emotion recognition with autism spectrum disorder children.Methods Griffith empathy measure parent ratings(GEM-PR) was used to assess the ability of empathy in two groups which included 36 children who met American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders 4th edition (revised) (DSM-Ⅳ-TR) diagnostic criteria for ASD and 35 normal children (TD) as control group who matched age,sex and IQ,and the human facial expression recognition task was used to test emotion recognition capabilities.Higher intensity of 50 pictures of the Chinese face emoticon system were selected as stimulus material.Eprime 2.0 software was used to render tasks.Results There was significant difference happy and neutral among the five facial expression discrimination with ASD children (P＜0.05),and happy(0.79±0.25) ＞fear(0.49±0.32) ＞angry(0.47±0.36) ＞sad(0.45±0.26) ＞ neutral(0.38±0.38).The accuracy of three emotions of sadness,neutral and happy in ASD children was significantly lower than TD (P＜ 0.05),and sad (ASD group (0.45 ± 0.26) ＜TD group (0.71±0.22),P=0.00),neutral(ASD group(0.38±0.38) ＜TD group(0.85±0.25),P=0.00),happy(ASD group (0.79 ± 0.25) ＜TD group (0.92 ± 0.16),P =0.01).The GEM scores,cognitive,behavior and emotional subscale of ASD children were significantly lower than TD(P＜0.05).There was significant correlation between the recognition accuracy of fear and neutral emotion and age in ASD children.There was positive correlation between the recognition accuracy of the four kinds of emotions and intelligence in ASD children (P＜0.05).There was negative correlation between the accuracy of the happy emotions and the average of GEM-PR in ASD children (r=-0.5,P=0.012);and the average of cognitive empathy and the accuracy of emotional recognition sharing regression was significant in ASD children (standardized regression coefficien t=0.318,R 2 =0.266,P=0.006).Conclusion Compared TD children,the capacity of recognition sad and neutral emotion are lower in ASD children,and the empathy ability in cognitive and effective emotion of children with ASD are poorer.The capacity of emotion recognition can predict cognitive empathy in children with ASD.