CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨产科医院感染临床特点及相关危险因素，为制定预防感染措施提供参考。方法选择2012年6月－2013年6月在医院分娩的2000例产妇作为研究对象，收集产妇临床资料，记录产妇医院感染发生率、病原菌种类和对抗菌药物耐药性，并分析影响产科医院感染的相关因素，采用SPSS 16．0软件进行统计分析。结果2000例产妇共有73例发生医院感染，感染率3．65％；共分离出61株病原菌，以革兰阴性菌为主，共33株占54．1％；革兰阳性菌除对万古霉素、左氧氟沙星较为敏感外，对多数抗菌药物耐药率均＞50．0％，革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、氨曲南、万古霉素敏感性较高外，对其余抗菌药物耐药率均＞50．0％；多因素分析显示，住院时间、妊娠并发症、每日探视＞10人是引起产科医院感染的独立危险因素（ P＜0．05）。结论产科医院感染病原菌主要以是革兰阴性菌为主，住院时间长、妊娠并发症、每日探视人数多是导致医院感染的独立危险因素。
목적：탐토산과의원감염림상특점급상관위험인소，위제정예방감염조시제공삼고。방법선택2012년6월－2013년6월재의원분면적2000례산부작위연구대상，수집산부림상자료，기록산부의원감염발생솔、병원균충류화대항균약물내약성，병분석영향산과의원감염적상관인소，채용SPSS 16．0연건진행통계분석。결과2000례산부공유73례발생의원감염，감염솔3．65％；공분리출61주병원균，이혁란음성균위주，공33주점54．1％；혁란양성균제대만고매소、좌양불사성교위민감외，대다수항균약물내약솔균＞50．0％，혁란음성균중대장애희균대아알배남、안곡남、만고매소민감성교고외，대기여항균약물내약솔균＞50．0％；다인소분석현시，주원시간、임신병발증、매일탐시＞10인시인기산과의원감염적독립위험인소（ P＜0．05）。결론산과의원감염병원균주요이시혁란음성균위주，주원시간장、임신병발증、매일탐시인수다시도치의원감염적독립위험인소。
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors for nosocomial infections in obstetrics department so as to provide guidance for prevention of the nosocomial infections .METHODS A total of 2 000 puer‐pera who gave birth in the hospital from Jun 2012 to Jun 2013 were recruited as the study objects ,the clinical data of the puerpera were collected ,the incidence of nosocomial infections ,species of pathogens ,and drug resistance were recorded ,the influencing factors for the nosocomial infections were analyzed ,and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS16 .0 software .RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 73 of 2 000 puer‐pera ,with the infection rate of 3 .65% .Totally 61 strains of pathogens have been isolated ,of which 54 .1% (33 strains ) were the gram‐positive bacteria .The drug resistance rates of the gram‐positive bacteria to all the antibi‐otics were more than 50 .0% except for vancomycin and levofloxacin .Among the gram‐negative bacteria ,the Escherichia coli was highly susceptible to imipenem ,aztreonam ,and vancomycin ,while the drug resistance rates to the rest of antibiotics were more than 50 .0% .The multivariate analysis indicated that the independent risk fac‐tors for the nosocomial infections in the obstetrics department included the length of hospital stay ,gestational complications ,and number of daily visiting persons more than 10 (P<0 .05) .CONCLUSION The gram‐negative bacteria are the predominant pathogens causing the nosocomial infections in the obstetrics department .The long length of hospital stay ,gestational complications ,and large number of daily visiting persons are the independent risk factors for the nosocomial infections .