CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析儿科住院患儿发生医院感染的部位、病原菌分布及耐药性，为临床防治医院感染提供依据。方法选择2012－2013年儿科住院患儿3219例为研究对象，调查患儿临床资料，统计分析发生医院感染患儿的感染部位、病原菌分布及耐药性，采用Excel进行统计分析。结果医院感染156例，感染率为4．8％；感染部位以下呼吸道为主，共54例占34．6％；共分离出病原菌198株，以革兰阴性菌为主，共105株占51．5％；肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林、哌拉西林和氨曲南的耐药率均＞81．0％，铜绿假单胞菌对头孢唑林、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、头孢呋辛和氨苄西林的耐药率均＞73．9％。结论儿科医院感染患儿感染部位以下呼吸道为主，病原菌以革兰阴性菌居多，临床应参考药敏试验结果选择合理抗菌药物，提高临床疗效，减少耐药菌株产生。
목적：분석인과주원환인발생의원감염적부위、병원균분포급내약성，위림상방치의원감염제공의거。방법선택2012－2013년인과주원환인3219례위연구대상，조사환인림상자료，통계분석발생의원감염환인적감염부위、병원균분포급내약성，채용Excel진행통계분석。결과의원감염156례，감염솔위4．8％；감염부위이하호흡도위주，공54례점34．6％；공분리출병원균198주，이혁란음성균위주，공105주점51．5％；폐염극뢰백균대안변서림、고랍서림화안곡남적내약솔균＞81．0％，동록가단포균대두포서림、두포새우、두포타정、두포부신화안변서림적내약솔균＞73．9％。결론인과의원감염환인감염부위이하호흡도위주，병원균이혁란음성균거다，림상응삼고약민시험결과선택합리항균약물，제고림상료효，감소내약균주산생。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the nosocomial infection sites and observe the distribution and drug resist‐ance of the pathogens isolated from the children hospitalized in the pediatrics department so as to provide guidance for clinical prevention of nosocomial infections .METHODS A total of 3 219 children who were hospitalized the pe‐diatrics department from 2012 to 2013 were recruited as the study objects ,the clinical data of the children were in‐vestigated ,the infection sites and the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens were statistically analyzed , with the use of Excel software .RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 156 cases with the infection rate of 4 .8% ,of whom 34 .6% (54 cases ) had the lower respiratory tract infections .Totally 198 strains of pathogens have been isolated ,among which the gram‐negative bacteria were dominant ,accounting for 51 .5% (105 strains ) . The drug resistance rates of the K lebsiella pneumoniae to ampicillin ,piperacillin ,and aztreonam were more than 81 .0% ;the drug resistance rates of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefazolin ,cefotaxime ,ceftazidime ,cefu‐roxime ,and ampicillin were more than 73 .9% .CONCLUSION The children with lower respiratory tract infections are dominant among the children with nosocomial infections . The gram‐negative bacteria are the predominant pathogens .It is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics based on the results of drug susceptibility testing so as to improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the drug‐resistant strains .