CAJ | 학술논문

国际技术转移对于后发国家企业的技术能力追赶起着重要的作用。本文研究东欧和中亚国家多个企业技术能力的动态演进过程,并探讨国外技术对企业技术能力发展的影响作用。不同于以往文献中案例研究的分析方法,本研究提出潜在转换分析( LTA)的计量经济方法探讨大量企业技术能力演进的进程,拓展了研究对象的范围。该模型测算出企业技术能力发展的三个动态阶段,研究发现企业技术能力的发展存在粘滞现象,所以他们向更高阶段的发展需要有意识努力和策略。在不同的国际技术转移渠道中,直接技术来源对企业技术能力的发展更为重要,尤其是技术许可和进口中间投入显著促进技术能力处于中低阶段的企业向高级阶段转移升级,FDI对于处于低水平技术能力的企业发展更为重要,而出口对企业技术能力发展的作用并不显著。
국제기술전이대우후발국가기업적기술능력추간기착중요적작용。본문연구동구화중아국가다개기업기술능력적동태연진과정,병탐토국외기술대기업기술능력발전적영향작용。불동우이왕문헌중안례연구적분석방법,본연구제출잠재전환분석( LTA)적계량경제방법탐토대량기업기술능력연진적진정,탁전료연구대상적범위。해모형측산출기업기술능력발전적삼개동태계단,연구발현기업기술능력적발전존재점체현상,소이타문향경고계단적발전수요유의식노력화책략。재불동적국제기술전이거도중,직접기술래원대기업기술능력적발전경위중요,우기시기술허가화진구중간투입현저촉진기술능력처우중저계단적기업향고급계단전이승급,FDI대우처우저수평기술능력적기업발전경위중요,이출구대기업기술능력발전적작용병불현저。
In view of the importance of international technology transfer on the technology learning for firms in developing economies,this article explores the dynamic patterns of technological capabilities for Eastern European and Central Asian firms and investigates the impacts of foreign technology on their transitions over time. Adopting a latent transition analysis ( LTA) model,it identifies a three-state dynamics along the evolution of technological capabilities for a large number of firms. The result indicates a sticky phenomenon during the upgrading of technological capabilities, and therefore the acquisition of technological capabilities requires conscious efforts and strategy by firms. Among the different channels of international technology transfer,technology licenses and imported intermediate inputs help the transition of firms towards more advanced levels;FDI plays an important role in transition of firms, which only have basic technological capabilities. Exports do not show a significant effect on the transition of firms in terms of technological capabilities.