水利学报
水利學報
수리학보
2015年
3期
291-297
,共7页
冰盖%河渠%水深平均流速%准二维%综合阻力系数
冰蓋%河渠%水深平均流速%準二維%綜閤阻力繫數
빙개%하거%수심평균류속%준이유%종합조력계수
ice cover%open channel%depth-average velocity%quasi-two dimension and composite friction factor
以Reynolds平均的Navier-Stokes紊流方程为基础，提出了冰盖河渠恒定流的水深平均流速的横向分布准二维模型，该模型包括了河渠流动的一些关键三维紊流因素，不仅适用均匀流和非均匀流，而且适用于明流和断面部分冰封的流动。建立了综合阻力系数 fd 与河床糙率系数nb 和冰盖糙率系数ni 的函数关系，其中nb 和ni 可以是常数，也可以是横坐标 y 的函数。典型冰盖梯形明渠的算例表明，本文模型具有足够的计算精度，同时计算明流无因次涡流黏度λ的方法也适用于冰盖下流动。
以Reynolds平均的Navier-Stokes紊流方程為基礎，提齣瞭冰蓋河渠恆定流的水深平均流速的橫嚮分佈準二維模型，該模型包括瞭河渠流動的一些關鍵三維紊流因素，不僅適用均勻流和非均勻流，而且適用于明流和斷麵部分冰封的流動。建立瞭綜閤阻力繫數 fd 與河床糙率繫數nb 和冰蓋糙率繫數ni 的函數關繫，其中nb 和ni 可以是常數，也可以是橫坐標 y 的函數。典型冰蓋梯形明渠的算例錶明，本文模型具有足夠的計算精度，同時計算明流無因次渦流黏度λ的方法也適用于冰蓋下流動。
이Reynolds평균적Navier-Stokes문류방정위기출，제출료빙개하거항정류적수심평균류속적횡향분포준이유모형，해모형포괄료하거류동적일사관건삼유문류인소，불부괄용균균류화비균균류，이차괄용우명류화단면부분빙봉적류동。건립료종합조력계수 fd 여하상조솔계수nb 화빙개조솔계수ni 적함수관계，기중nb 화ni 가이시상수，야가이시횡좌표 y 적함수。전형빙개제형명거적산례표명，본문모형구유족구적계산정도，동시계산명류무인차와류점도λ적방법야괄용우빙개하류동。
Based on the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations,a quasi-two dimensional model is pre?sented to determine the lateral distribution of the depth-averaged velocities in steady flows in ice-covered channels. The model, including some key factors on the three dimensional turbulent flows, can be used to simulate not only the steady uniform flows and non-uniform flows, but also free flows and partially-covered flows. For the composite friction factor fd, a formula is establishes that is involved in the lateral ordinate y, the local riverbed roughness coefficient nb and local ice cover roughness coefficient ni. At last, several typical examples are given. The results illustrate that the model presented herein is satisfactory in accura?cy,and that the formula for the dimensionless eddy viscosity in free flows in open channels is also applica?ble to the flows under ice cover.
