CAJ | 학술논문

研究了新型耕作方法（粉垄耕作）对潮土冬小麦田间群体微环境的影响，探索耕作措施与作物群体微环境的关系，为获得小麦高产提供理论依据。设旋耕CK（12耀16 cm）、粉垄耕作FL1（20耀30 cm）和粉垄耕作FL2（30耀40 cm）3个处理，其他一切农事操作均保持一致。结果表明，粉垄耕作（FL1，FL2）对小麦灌浆期群体的冠层温度、群体内地表的温度以及群体内CO2浓度影响较大。灌浆期，群体的冠层温度FL1（31.72益）、FL2（32.15益）比CK（32.72益）低，群体内地表温度FL1（27.98益）、FL2（28.30益）比CK（27.97益）高群体的CO2浓度FL1（373.5 mg·L-1）、FL2（373.5 mg·L-1）均显著低于CK（431.7 mg·L-1）。FL1、FL2处理群体内相对湿度在孕穗期、灌浆期分别为58.1%、60.9%和60.8%、56.6%，高于CK（52.7%和57.7%）；相反，群体内温度分别为25.0、23.9益和32.7、33.2益，低于CK（27.0益和33.8益）。此外，拔节期粉垄耕作的土壤耕层温度比CK低1~2益，孕穗期比CK高0~0.5益。粉垄耕作措施能够有效地改善小麦生育中后期田间微环境，提高抗逆能力，增加产量。
연구료신형경작방법（분롱경작）대조토동소맥전간군체미배경적영향，탐색경작조시여작물군체미배경적관계，위획득소맥고산제공이론의거。설선경CK（12요16 cm）、분롱경작FL1（20요30 cm）화분롱경작FL2（30요40 cm）3개처리，기타일절농사조작균보지일치。결과표명，분롱경작（FL1，FL2）대소맥관장기군체적관층온도、군체내지표적온도이급군체내CO2농도영향교대。관장기，군체적관층온도FL1（31.72익）、FL2（32.15익）비CK（32.72익）저，군체내지표온도FL1（27.98익）、FL2（28.30익）비CK（27.97익）고군체적CO2농도FL1（373.5 mg·L-1）、FL2（373.5 mg·L-1）균현저저우CK（431.7 mg·L-1）。FL1、FL2처리군체내상대습도재잉수기、관장기분별위58.1%、60.9%화60.8%、56.6%，고우CK（52.7%화57.7%）；상반，군체내온도분별위25.0、23.9익화32.7、33.2익，저우CK（27.0익화33.8익）。차외，발절기분롱경작적토양경층온도비CK저1~2익，잉수기비CK고0~0.5익。분롱경작조시능구유효지개선소맥생육중후기전간미배경，제고항역능력，증가산량。
In this manuscript, effects of a new smash ridging tillage on micro-environment was studied. There were three treatments as fol-lowed:smash ridging tillage FL1(20~30 cm), smash ridging tillage FL2(30~40 cm), and rotation tillage CK(12~16 cm), respectively. The results showed that there were great effects of smash ridging tillage(FL1 and FL2)on wheat group canopy temperature, wheat group ground temperature and wheat group carbon dioxide content during wheat filling stage, while there were little effects at other growing stages. At wheat filling stage, wheat group canopy temperature of smash ridging tillage FL1(31.72℃)and FL2(32.15℃)were lower than that of CK(32.72℃), and carbon dioxide content of smash ridging tillage FL1(373.5 mg·L-1)and FL2(373.5 mg·L-1)were significantly(P≤0.05)higher than that of CK(431.7 mg·L-1);however, wheat group ground temperature of smash ridging tillage FL1(27.98℃)and FL2(28.30℃)were higher than that of CK(27.97℃). Furthermore, the relativity humidity of wheat group of FL1 and FL2 at pregnant stage and filling stage were 58.1%, 60.9%and 60.8%, 56.6%, respectively, and they were all higher than that of CK(52.7%and 57.7%). On the contrary, wheat group temperature of FL1 and FL2 at pregnant stage and filling stage were 25.0℃, 23.9℃and 32.7℃, 33.2℃, respectively, and they were lower than that of CK(27.0℃and 33.8℃). Additionally, there were about 1~2℃lower and 0~0.5℃higher of soil tillage layers of smashing tillage compared with CK at elongation and pregnant stage, respectively. Smash ridging tillage could effectively improve the micro-environment dur-ing the wheat middle and later growth stages, enhance wheat’s adversity ability, and obtain higher grain yields.