CAJ | 학술논문

从生态文明建设的总体要求、党中央国务院的决策部署以及保护与改善水生态环境的内在需求等角度出发，论述了当前和今后一段时期建立我国水生态补偿机制的重要意义。进而，分中央和地方两个层面，围绕政策出台和实践探索总结了近10 a来我国水生态补偿的进展和成效。在此基础上，从水生态补偿的范围、资金来源、补偿方式、责任机制、政策体系等方面，指出目前水生态补偿存在的问题，并从4个方面提出了对策建议：一是从水功能区实际特点、虚拟水流动实际等角度着眼，明晰水生态补偿范围；二是从加大资金投入、建立造血机制、积极开展试点等方面，进一步丰富水生态补偿实践；三是从合理划分事权、开展横向生态补偿、加强事中事后监管等角度出发，加快建立水生态补偿责任机制；四是通过加快立法、合理收费和征税等措施，完善水生态补偿政策法规体系。
종생태문명건설적총체요구、당중앙국무원적결책부서이급보호여개선수생태배경적내재수구등각도출발，논술료당전화금후일단시기건립아국수생태보상궤제적중요의의。진이，분중앙화지방량개층면，위요정책출태화실천탐색총결료근10 a래아국수생태보상적진전화성효。재차기출상，종수생태보상적범위、자금래원、보상방식、책임궤제、정책체계등방면，지출목전수생태보상존재적문제，병종4개방면제출료대책건의：일시종수공능구실제특점、허의수류동실제등각도착안，명석수생태보상범위；이시종가대자금투입、건립조혈궤제、적겁개전시점등방면，진일보봉부수생태보상실천；삼시종합리화분사권、개전횡향생태보상、가강사중사후감관등각도출발，가쾌건립수생태보상책임궤제；사시통과가쾌입법、합리수비화정세등조시，완선수생태보상정책법규체계。
This paper discussed the importance of establishing water ecological compensation mechanism in the current and future periods, based on the general requirements of ecological civilization construction,the decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council de-ployment,and inherent demand to protect and improve water ecological environment. Furthermore,it summarized the progress and effective-ness of the water ecological compensation about the current 10 years from two levels of the central and local around the two-part of the intro-duction of the policy and practice. On this basis,combing noted that the current water problems of ecological compensation,in terms of water ecological compensation range,sources of funding,compensation,accountability mechanisms,such as the policy system,and then made some suggestions from the following four aspects. The first was to further clarify the scope of ecological compensation of water,such as the ac-tual characteristics of the water function area,a virtual water flow actual angles of view,the second was to further enrich the water ecological compensation practices,such as increased capital investment,the establishment of the hematopoietic system,and actively carrying out the pi-lot,etc. ,the third was to accelerate the establishment of accountability mechanisms,such as the rational division of powers,to carry out the lateral ecological compensation,strengthen supervision afterwards things in perspective,and the fourth was to further improve the water sys-tem of ecological compensation policies and regulations,around accelerating legislation,reasonable fees and taxes and other measures.