河北农业科学
河北農業科學
하북농업과학
JOURNAL OF HEBEI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2015年
3期
60-65
,共6页
刘素恩%郭宝生%崔瑞敏%王兆晓%刘存敬%张香云%王凯辉%赵存鹏%耿军义
劉素恩%郭寶生%崔瑞敏%王兆曉%劉存敬%張香雲%王凱輝%趙存鵬%耿軍義
류소은%곽보생%최서민%왕조효%류존경%장향운%왕개휘%조존붕%경군의
棉花%抗虫杂交种%冀杂999%机械化采收%品种选育
棉花%抗蟲雜交種%冀雜999%機械化採收%品種選育
면화%항충잡교충%기잡999%궤계화채수%품충선육
Cotton%Insect resistant hybrid%Jiza 999%Picking mechanization%Variety breeding
早熟、抗病虫、增产潜力大、适应性广、管理简便、适于机械化栽培是现代农业发展对棉花品种的基本要求。利用现代转基因技术和传统远缘杂交方法,培育具有海岛棉、陆地棉、野生瑟伯氏棉血统,目标性状突出且综合性状优良的杂交亲本;按照父母本性状互补的选配原则,配制杂交组合;通过重病圃胁迫、干旱胁迫、盐害胁迫、高虫口密度胁迫等高压选择、多点鉴定综合筛选和国家检验监督机构检测等手段,选育出了遗传基础丰富且携带外源抗虫 Bt基因的抗虫杂交棉品种冀杂999。该品种突出表现早熟,生长稳健易管理,抗病虫,抗逆性好,适应性广,高产稳产,吐絮肥畅,含絮适中,纤维品质优良,适于机械化采收。2009年通过了国家农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:国审棉2009008),准予在黄河流域春播棉区推广。该品种的推广,对降低由枯黄萎病引起的损失、控制棉铃虫等鳞翅目害虫为害、推进河北棉花战略东移、提升棉花生产机械化水平和提高植棉效益具有重要意义。
早熟、抗病蟲、增產潛力大、適應性廣、管理簡便、適于機械化栽培是現代農業髮展對棉花品種的基本要求。利用現代轉基因技術和傳統遠緣雜交方法,培育具有海島棉、陸地棉、野生瑟伯氏棉血統,目標性狀突齣且綜閤性狀優良的雜交親本;按照父母本性狀互補的選配原則,配製雜交組閤;通過重病圃脅迫、榦旱脅迫、鹽害脅迫、高蟲口密度脅迫等高壓選擇、多點鑒定綜閤篩選和國傢檢驗鑑督機構檢測等手段,選育齣瞭遺傳基礎豐富且攜帶外源抗蟲 Bt基因的抗蟲雜交棉品種冀雜999。該品種突齣錶現早熟,生長穩健易管理,抗病蟲,抗逆性好,適應性廣,高產穩產,吐絮肥暢,含絮適中,纖維品質優良,適于機械化採收。2009年通過瞭國傢農作物品種審定委員會審定(審定編號:國審棉2009008),準予在黃河流域春播棉區推廣。該品種的推廣,對降低由枯黃萎病引起的損失、控製棉鈴蟲等鱗翅目害蟲為害、推進河北棉花戰略東移、提升棉花生產機械化水平和提高植棉效益具有重要意義。
조숙、항병충、증산잠력대、괄응성엄、관리간편、괄우궤계화재배시현대농업발전대면화품충적기본요구。이용현대전기인기술화전통원연잡교방법,배육구유해도면、륙지면、야생슬백씨면혈통,목표성상돌출차종합성상우량적잡교친본;안조부모본성상호보적선배원칙,배제잡교조합;통과중병포협박、간한협박、염해협박、고충구밀도협박등고압선택、다점감정종합사선화국가검험감독궤구검측등수단,선육출료유전기출봉부차휴대외원항충 Bt기인적항충잡교면품충기잡999。해품충돌출표현조숙,생장은건역관리,항병충,항역성호,괄응성엄,고산은산,토서비창,함서괄중,섬유품질우량,괄우궤계화채수。2009년통과료국가농작물품충심정위원회심정(심정편호:국심면2009008),준여재황하류역춘파면구추엄。해품충적추엄,대강저유고황위병인기적손실、공제면령충등린시목해충위해、추진하북면화전략동이、제승면화생산궤계화수평화제고식면효익구유중요의의。
New cotton varieties with early maturity, resistance to diseases and pests, potential yield increase, wide adaptability, easy to manage, suitable for mechanized farming can meet the demands of the rapid developing modern agriculture.The foundation parents from distant hybridization between upland cotton, sea island cotton and wild relatives were developed by modern transgenic technology and traditional distant hybridization method.Based on parent allocation principle of trait complementary and accumulation, local variety were applied as center parent in our selection and extension to get effective combination of goal traits.The cross combination were selected under different environmental pressures, and continuous high stress pressures, such as drought and salt, diseases, pests, then new variety Jiza 999 with genetically abundant was bred.As a result of early maturing, high yield, good quality, disease resistance, multi-stress resistance and wide adaptability, easy to management for picking mechanization, it was approved by the National Crops Variety Approval Committee in 2009 and released in Yellow River Basin cotton-growing areas.The spread and application of this variety can reduce the losses for wilt diseases and lepidopterous pests, advance the cotton strategic adjustment of Hebei Province, and improve the mechanization level of cotton production and the efficiency of the cotton.